Life

Definition

Life is matter that has biological processes, such as signaling and the ability to sustain itself. It is defined descriptively by the capacity for homeostasis, organisation, metabolism, growth, adaptation, response to stimuli, and reproduction. All life eventually reaches a state of death, and none is immortal. Many philosophical definitions of living systems have been proposed, such as self-organizing systems. Defining life is further complicated by viruses, which replicate only in host cells, and the possibility of extraterrestrial life, which could be very different from life on Earth. Life exists all over the Earth in air, water, and soil, with many ecosystems forming the biosphere. Some of these are harsh environments occupied only by extremophiles. The life in a particular ecosystem is called its biota.

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1000000000 (number)Abditibacteriota Abiogenesis Acanthocephala Acetaldehyde Acetamide Acetic acid Acetithermota Acetone Acetonitrile Acetylene Acidobacteriota Acrolein Acrylonitrile Actinomycetota Adaptation Adaptive management Adaptive radiation Adenine Adenovirus Adnaviria Aenigmatarchaeota Aerophobota African buffalo Afterlife Age of Earth Age of the Earth Agricultural land Air pollution Air quality index Air quality law Airshed Alexander Oparin Allopatric speciation Alphasatellitidae Altarchaeota Alternative splicing Alternatives to Darwinian evolution Altruism (biology)Aluminium(I) hydroxide Aluminium(II) oxide Aluminium isocyanide Aluminium monochloride Aluminium monofluoride Alveolata Amino radical Aminoacetonitrile Ammonia Ammonium Amoebozoa Amorphea Amphibian Ampullaviridae Anabolism Anaeramoeba Anaerobic organism Anagenesis Ancient Greece Ancyromonadida Animal Anisogamy Annalen der Physik und Chemie Annelid Antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis Anthracene Apicomplexa Apicoplast Aquifer Aquifer storage and recovery Aquificota Arable land Archaea Archaeal transcription Archaeal translation Archaeplastida Archean Argonium Aristotle Aristotle's biology Armatimonadota Arthropod Artificial cell Artificial life Ascomycota Asexual reproduction Asgard archaea Aspergillus niger Astrobiology Astrobiology (journal)Astrobiology Magazine Astrochemistry Astroecology Athena Coustenis Atmosphere of Earth Atomic and molecular astrophysics Atomist Atribacterota Augarchaeota Auribacterota Autonomous agent Autopoietic Avsunviroidae BBC BBC News Babelota Bacillota Backbone chain Bacteria Bacterial transcription Bacterial translation Bacteriome Bacteroidota Baldwin effect Balneolales Bartogtaviriformidae Basaltiviridae Base pair Basidiomycota Benzene Benzonitrile Bicaudaviridae Big Bang Big History Big History (TV series)Bigyra Bigyromonad Binatota Binomial nomenclature Bio-like structure Biochemical Biochemistry Biocoenosis Biodiversity Bioenergetics Bioenergy Biogenic Biogeography Biological classification Biological dark matter Biological engineering Biological life cycle Biological organisation Biological process Biological system Biology Biome Biomolecule Biophysical cosmology Biopiracy Biopolymer Bioprospecting Biosignature Biosphere Biotechnology Biotic life Bipolaricaulota Blaire Van Valkenburgh Blastocladiomycota Blending inheritance Brachiopoda Brachygtaviriformidae Brian K. Hall Bryozoa Buckminsterfullerene Bush tucker Bushmeat Butyronitrile Bya C-Silicon dicarbide C57BL/6 C70 fullerene CCP radical CRC Press CRuMs Caelestes Calculus Caldipriscota Caldisericota Caldithrix Calescibacteriota Cambrian explosion Canalisation (genetics)Cancer cell Canglongiota Canidae Carbodiimide Carbon Carbon-based life Carbon cation Carbon dioxide Carbon monophosphide Carbon monosulfide Carbon monoxide Carbonyl sulfide Carl Linnaeus Carl Sagan Carl Woese Carl Zimmer Cat gap Catabolism Catagenesis (biology)Catastrophism Cell (biology)Cell adhesion Cell biology Cell culture Cell division Cell growth Cell nucleus Cell signaling Cell theory Cellular life Cellular respiration Centipede Central dogma of molecular biology Cephalopod Cercozoa Cetacea Chaetognatha Charles Darwin Charlotte W. Pratt Charophyta Cheating (biology)Chemical element Chemical formula Chemotaxis Chirality (chemistry)Chlamydiota Chloroflexota Chlorophyta Chloroplast Chloroplasts Chordate Chromista Chromoplast Chromosome Chrompodellid ChronoZoom Chronology of the universe Chrysiogenota Chytridiomycota Ciliate Circular chromosome Circumstellar dust Circumstellar envelope Cis-regulatory element Cityscape Clade Cladistics Cladogenesis Class (biology)Classical element Clavaviridae Clean Air Act (United States)Climate Climate change and fisheries Cloacimonadota Clonally transmissible cancer Clone (cell biology)Cloud Cnidaria Coacervate Coevolution Cohort (taxonomy)Colicin Colony (biology)Common-pool resource Common descent Common land Commons Computational biology Conflict resource Conifer Consciousness Convergent evolution Cooperation (evolution)Coprothermobacterota Coral reef Cosmic dust Cosmic ray Cosmid Cosmochemistry Cosmogony Cosmopoliota Cosmos (Australian magazine)Cospeciation Covalent bond Crustacean Cryosericota Cryptista Ctenophora Cultural evolution Cultural group selection Cultured meat Current Biology Cyanamide Cyano radical Cyanoacetylene Cyanoallene Cyanobacteria Cyanobutadiynyl radical Cyanoformaldehyde Cyanomethyl Cyanopolyyne Cycad Cycliophora Cyclopentindene Cyclopropenone Cyclopropenylidene Cynthia Stokes Brown Cysteine Cytosine DNA DNA microarray DNA replication DNA transposon DNA virus Daniel Mazia Darwinian evolution Darwinism David Christian (historian)David Hume Death Deep time Defective interfering particle Deferribacterota Deferrimicrobiota Deinococcota Deinococcus geothermalis Deinococcus radiodurans Democritus Deoxyribose Desalination Deuterium Developmental biology Diacetylene Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion Diaphoretickes Diatomic carbon Diatomic molecule Diazenylium Dicarbon monoxide Dictyoglomus Dicyemida Diffuse interstellar band Dihydroxyacetone Dimethyl ether Dinodnavirus Dinoflagellate Dinosaur Discoba Disilicon carbide Divergent evolution Diversity-generating retroelement Division (taxonomy)Domain (biology)Domestication of the dog Donald Voet Dormiibacterota Double-stranded RNA viruses Double helix Douglas J. Futuyma Drainage basin Drake equation Drinking water Dry lab DsDNA-RT virus Dual inheritance theory Duplodnaviria E-Cyanomethanimine Earliest known life forms Earth Earth's atmosphere Earth Overshoot Day Earth science East Tennessee State University Echinoderm Ecological economics Ecological genetics Ecological speciation Ecology Ecosystem Ecosystem service Ediacaran biota Eduard Buchner Effluvivivacota Efunaviria Electrostate Electryoneota Elulimicrobiota Elusimicrobiota Embryophyte Emissions trading Empathy Empedocles Enclosure Endocrine system Endogenous retrovirus Endogenous viral element Endolith Endomembrane system Endomyxa Endoplasmic reticulum Endosymbiont Endosymbiosis Energy Energy law Enhancer (genetics)Entoprocta Entropy and life Environment (biophysical)Environmental good Enzyme Enzyme catalysis Epigenetics Episome Eric Chaisson Ernst Haeckel Ethanethiol Ethanimine Ethanol Ethyl formate Ethylene Ethylene glycol Ethylene oxide Ethynyl radical Eugene Koonin Euglenozoa Eukaryota Eukaryote Eukaryotic transcription Eukaryotic translation Eurekaviridae Evidence of common descent Evolution Evolution (journal)Evolution of Macropodidae Evolution of ageing Evolution of bacteria Evolution of biological complexity Evolution of birds Evolution of brachiopods Evolution of butterflies Evolution of cells Evolution of cephalopods Evolution of cetaceans Evolution of color vision Evolution of color vision in primates Evolution of emotion Evolution of eusociality Evolution of fish Evolution of flagella Evolution of fungi Evolution of insects Evolution of lemurs Evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles Evolution of mammals Evolution of molluscs Evolution of morality Evolution of nervous systems Evolution of photosynthesis Evolution of primates Evolution of reptiles Evolution of sexual reproduction Evolution of sirenians Evolution of snake venom Evolution of spiders Evolution of tetrapods Evolution of the brain Evolution of the eye Evolution of the horse Evolution of the wolf Evolutionarily stable strategy Evolutionary arms race Evolutionary biology Evolutionary developmental biology Evolutionary ethics Evolutionary history Evolutionary history of plants Evolutionary ideas of the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Evolutionary invasion analysis Evolutionary medicine Evolutionary mismatch Evolutionary pressure Evolutionary taxonomy Evolutionary tradeoff Exaptation Exobiology Exon Exploitation of natural resources Extended evolutionary synthesis Extinct Extinction Extinction event Extrachromosomal DNA Extraterrestrial life Extraterrestrial liquid water Extreme environment Extremophile Family (biology)Fauna Fermentibacterota Fermi paradox Fertility factor (bacteria)Fervidibacterota Fibrobacterota Fidelibacter Field (agriculture)Field (physics)Fisher's principle Fisheries law Fisheries management Fishery Fission (biology)Fitness (biology)Five-kingdom system Five-prime cap Flatworm Flood Flora Floreoviria Fluorescence in the life sciences Fluoromethylidynium Food Forbes Forbidden mechanism Forest Forest genetic resources Forest management Forestry law Form (Plato)Form (botany)Formaldehyde Formamide Formic acid Formyl radical Fornicata Fosmid Fossil Fossil fuel Fossil history of flowering plants Fossils Francesco Redi Francevillian biota François Jacob Fresh water Friedrich Nietzsche Friedrich Wöhler Fuel gas Fulminic acid Fungal prion Fungus Fuselloviridae Fusobacteriota Future of Earth GK-PID Gaia hypothesis Gal operon Game (hunting)Game law Gastrotricha Gemmatimonadota Gemstone Gene Gene-centered view of evolution Gene bank Gene coding Gene duplication Gene expression Gene flow Gene regulatory network Genetic assimilation Genetic code Genetic drift Genetic opportunity Genetic variation Genetics Genome Genomic imprinting Genomic island Genus Geoarchaeota Geologic time scale Geological history of Earth Geology Georg Ernst Stahl Geothermal energy Geothermal springs Gerald Joyce Germ cell Gerontoplast Giant planet Giant virus Ginkgophyta Glacier Glaucophyte Global commons Globuloviridae Glomeromycota Glossary of genetics Glycine Glycolaldehyde Glycolonitrile Gnathostomulida Gnetophyta Goldiibacteriota Goldilocks principle Golgi apparatus Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Graeme Snooks Graphene Graphite Gravitational biology Great Oxidation Event Green sulfur bacteria Groundwater Groundwater pollution Groundwater recharge Groundwater remediation Group II intron Group I catalytic intron Group selection Guanine Guttaviridae H2NCO+HC4N HCCN Habitable zone Habitat Habitat conservation Hadarchaeota Hadean Hadesarchaeota Hair Halonium ion Halspiviridae Handicap principle Haptista Haptophyte HeLa Heavy water Heilongiota Helium hydride ion Helper dependent virus Helper virus Hemichordate Hemimastigophora Hemolithin Henri Bergson Henri Dutrochet Heptatrienyl radical Herbert Copeland (biologist)Heritable Hermann von Helmholtz Heterolobosea Hexatriynyl radical Hierarchical organization Hierarchy Hinthialibacterota Histone acetylation and deacetylation Histone methylation History of Earth History of evolutionary thought History of life History of molecular biology History of molecular evolution History of paleontology Hoboken, New Jersey Holocene Hologenome theory of evolution Homeostasis Hominoid Homochirality Homoeopathy Homology (biology)Horizontal gene transfer Hornwort Host (biology)Hot spring Huangdiviridae Huberarchaeota Huerta Human evolution Hybrid (biology)Hybrid speciation Hydrogen Hydrogen bond Hydrogen chloride Hydrogen cyanide Hydrogen deuteride Hydrogen fluoride Hydrogen isocyanide Hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen sulfide Hydrogenedentota Hydrogenosome Hydromagnesium isocyanide Hydroperoxyl Hydropower Hydrosphere Hydrothermal vent Hydrothermarchaeota Hydrothermota Hydroxyl radical Hyena Hylomorphism Hyphochytriomycetes Hypothetical types of biochemistry Iainarchaeota Ice Iceberg Imidogen Immortality Immune system Improved sanitation Improved water source Inbreeding avoidance Incertae sedis Inclusive fitness Index of evolutionary biology articles Index of molecular biology articles Indoor air quality Industrial mineral Inorganic Integrative and conjugative element Intergalactic dust Internal structure of Earth International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology International Ocean Discovery Program International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants Interphase Interplanetary medium Interspersed repeat Interstellar formaldehyde Interstellar medium Introduction to evolution Introduction to genetics Intron Inversion (evolutionary biology)Invertebrate Iron(II) cyanide Iron(II) oxide Iron–sulfur world theory Irrigation Isocyanic acid Isocyanoacetylene Isoformyl Itzamnaviridae Jacques Monod Jaime Green (author)Jeewanu John Wiley & Sons Journal of Animal Ecology Judith G. Voet Julien Offray de La Mettrie Julius Robert von Mayer Justus von Liebig Juxtacrine signalling Kapaibacteriota Kappa organism Kerogen Ketene Ketenimine Ketenyl Kevin Laland Kin recognition Kin selection Kingdom (biology)Kinorhyncha Kiritimatiellota Krumholzibacteriota Kryptoniota LUCA Lab-on-a-chip Lac operon Lac repressor Lamarckism Land Land-use planning Land (economics)Land degradation Land law Land management Land use Landscape Last universal common ancestor Latescibacterota Leaching (agriculture)Legal death Legion (taxonomy)Lentisphaerota Lernaellota Leucoplast Lichen Life (disambiguation)Life on Earth under Martian conditions Life on Mars (planet)Life on Venus Linear chromosome Lipid List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules List of plants used in herbalism Lists of organisms by population Lithacetigenota LiveScience Liverwort Living systems Living systems theory Lomiviridae Loricifera Louis Pasteur Lycophyte Lynn J. Rothschild Lynn Margulis Lysosomes Macinerneyibacteriota Macroevolution Macromolecular assembly Macromolecule Magnesium cyanide Magnesium isocyanide Magnesium monohydride Main-sequence star Malawimonada Malawimonadida Mammal Margulisiibacteriota Mariana Trench Marine conservation Marine resources Mass extinction Mass spectrometry Mate choice Materialism Mating type Matter Meadow Mechanism (philosophy)Medicine Meiosis Mendelian inheritance Mesosphere Messenger RNA Metabolism Metagenomic Metal Metamonada Metasediment Meteorology Methane Methanethiol Methanobacteriota Methanol Methionine Methoxy Methoxyethane Methyl acetate Methyl cation Methyl formate Methyl isocyanate Methyl isocyanide Methyl radical Methylamine Methylene (compound)Methylene amidogen Methylenimine Methylidyne radical Methylidynephosphane Methylomirabilota Michael N. Mautner Micrarchaeota MicroRNA Microbe Microbial Microbial dark matter Microbial mat Microbiology Microcaldus Microevolution Micrognathozoa Microorganism Micropaleontology Microparticle Microscopy Mineral Mineral rights Mining Mining law Minisyncoccota Missing heritability problem Mitochondria Mitochondrion Mitosis Mitosome Mobile genetic elements Mobilome Model lipid bilayer Model organism Models of DNA evolution Modern history Modern synthesis (20th century)Modernity Modularity (biology)Moduliflexota Molecular biology Molecular evolution Molecule Molecules in stars Mollusc Mollusca Monadology Monera Monogamy in animals Monomer Monosaccharide Moonlight Moons Morphology (biology)Mosaic evolution Moss Muiribacteriota Multi-agent system Multicellular Multicellular organism Multicellular organisms Mutation Mutationism Mutations Mutualism (biology)Mycoplasma laboratorium Mycoplasmatota Myr N-Methylformamide NASA Naldaviricetes Nankai Trough Nanobacterium Nanobdellota Nanobe Nanohalarchaeota Naphthalene National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine National Ambient Air Quality Standards National Geographic Natural capital Natural capital accounting Natural environment Natural heritage Natural resource Natural resource economics Natural resource management Natural satellite habitability Natural selection Nature Nature-based solutions Nature (journal)Nature Geoscience Nature Microbiology Nature reserve Nebular hypothesis Nebulidia Nematode Nematomorpha Nemertea Neo-Darwinism Neocallimastigomycota Neolithic Revolution Neoproterozoic oxygenation event Nervous system Neutral theory of molecular evolution Nexus for Exoplanet System Science Nezhaarchaeota Nibbleridia Nicholas Wade Nipumfusiviridae Nitric oxide Nitrogen Nitrogenous base Nitroplast Nitrosediminicolota Nitrospinota Nitrospirota Nitrous oxide Nitroxyl Non-cellular life Non-coding DNA Non-renewable resource Non-timber forest product Nonadaptive radiation Nonecological speciation Nora Noffke Nuclear membrane Nuclear power Nucleic acid Nucleic acid methods Nucleobase Nucleotide Nutrient Nuvvuagittuq Belt OER Project Obelisk (biology)Obscuriviridae Ocean Ochrophyte Octatetraynyl radical Oil war Oligotroph Omics Omnitrophota On the Origin of Species On the Soul Onychophora Oomycete Open space reserve Operon Order (biology)Ore Organ (biology)Organelle Organic chemistry Organic compound Organic material Organic molecule Organic molecules Organism Origin and function of meiosis Origin of avian flight Origin of birds Origin of life Origin of replication Origin of water on Earth Orthogenesis Orthonectida Outer space Outline of evolution Ovaliviridae Overexploitation Oxford University Press Oxygen Oxygen catastrophe Ozone Ozone depletion Ozone layer P-bodies PAH world hypothesis Panspermia Parabasalid Parakaryon Parakaryon myojinensis Parallel evolution Parapatric speciation Parcunitrobacterota Parental investment Parent–offspring conflict Particle Parvarchaeota Pasture Peak coal Peak copper Peak farmland Peak gas Peak minerals Peak oil Peak phosphorus Peak water Peregrinibacteriota Peripatric speciation Perkinsea Petro-Islam Petroleum politics Petrostate Phagemid Phanerozoic Phenotypic plasticity Phenotypic trait Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B Phoronid Phosphate group Phosphine Phosphorus Phosphorus mononitride Phosphorus monoxide Phosphorylation Photodissociation region Photosynthesis Phototropism Phyletic gradualism Phylogenetic Phylogenetic tree Phylogenetics Phylogeny Phylum Physical cosmology Physics Picozoa Pigment Placozoa Planctomycetota Planetary system Plant Plant genetic resources Plasmaviridae Plasmid Plastid Plate tectonics Plato Pleiotropy Pleomoviria Point mutation Polar ice cap Pollinator-mediated selection Polyadenylation Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon Polydnaviriformidae Polymorphism (biology)Polynucleotide Polysaccharide Polyyne Population (biology)Population genetics Portogloboviridae Poseidoniota Pospiviroidae Post-transcriptional modification Post-transcriptional regulation Post-translational modification Post-translational regulation Potassium chloride Potassium cyanide Preaxostyla Prehistory Priapulida Pribnow box Primary transcript Prion Programmed cell death Prokaryota Prokaryote Promoter (genetics)Propadienylidene Propene Property law Prophage Propionaldehyde Propionitrile Propynal Propyne Propynylidyne Protein Protein biosynthesis Protein methods Proteinoid Proteolysis Proterozoic Protist Protista Protocell Protoctista Protonated carbon dioxide Protonated cyanoacetylene Protonated formaldehyde Protonated hydrogen cyanide Protozoa Provirus Provora Pseudo-panspermia Pseudomonadota Pseudoscientific Psychrophile Pteridophyte Publishing houses in the Soviet Union Punctuated equilibrium Pyrene Pyrimidine Qinglongiota R-factor REDD and REDD+RNA RNA-dependent RNA polymerase RNA polymerase RNA splicing RNA virus RNA world RNA world hypothesis RRNA Race (biology)Rachel Nuwer Radiation Radioactivity in the life sciences Radioresistance Rain Rainwater harvesting Range (biology)Rangeland Realm (virology)Reason Rebecca Morelle Reciprocal altruism Reclaimed water Red Queen hypothesis Red algae Red dwarf Regulation of gene expression Reincarnation Reinforcement (speciation)Remnant natural area Renewable resource René Descartes Repeated sequence (DNA)Replicon (genetics)Repressor Reproduction Resource Resource curse Resource depletion Resource extraction Resource nationalism Resource war Resurrection Retaria Retron Retroposon Retrotransposon Retroviroid Retrovirus Retrozyme Reverse transcriptase-related cellular gene Reverse transcription Rhizaria Rhizidiovirus Rhodelphis Rhodogtaviriformidae Rhodothermota Ribose repressor Ribosomal protein Ribosome Ribosome-nascent chain complex Riboviria Ribozyme Ribozyviria Rifleibacteriota Robert Whittaker (ecologist)Robin Marantz Henig Robotics Rotifer Rudolf Virchow Ryujiniota SAR supergroup SETI Saltation (biology)Sand mining Sandra Knapp Sandstone Sanitation Satellite (biology)Science Daily Scorpion Seascape Secondary chromosome Section (biology)Section (botany)Sedimentary rock Seed bank Selective breeding Self-organizing Self-replication Series (botany)Sewage Sex-determination system Sexual dimorphism Sexual reproduction Sexual selection Sexual selection in flowering plants Sexual selection in fungi Shade (shadow)SiNC Signalling theory Silane Silencer (genetics)Silicon-carbide cluster Silicon carbide Silicon carbonitride Silicon monosulfide Silicon monoxide Silicon tricarbide Silylidyne Simulation Singelaviria Six-kingdom system Snow Social selection Sodium chloride Sodium cyanide Sodium hydroxide Sodium iodide Soil Soil conservation Soil fertility Soil health Soil resilience Solar System Solar energy Soul Soundscape Space Spandrel (biology)Speciation Species Species complex Spectroscopy Spiegelman's Monster Spiraviridae Spirochaete Sponge Spongiamicota Spontaneous generation Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Star Stellar evolution Stellar nucleosynthesis Stimulus (physiology)Stormwater Strain (biology)Stramenopiles Strata Structuralism (biology)Structure Stuart Kauffman Stéphane Leduc Subduction Subfamily Subgenus Subphylum Subspecies Subtribe Subviral agents Sue Rigby Sulfanyl Sulfur Sulfur dioxide Sulfur mononitride Sulfur monoxide Sulphobes Sumerlaeota Sunlight Superfamily (taxonomy)Supergroup (biology)Supernova Surface water Sweating Symbiogenesis Symbiosis Sympatric speciation Synergistota Synthetic biology Synthetic virology Systematics Systems ecology Sysuimicrobiota TATA box Tandem repeat Tangaroaeota Tardigrade Taxon Taxonomic rank Taxonomy Taxonomy (biology)Tectimicrobiota Teleology in biology Teleonomy Telomerase reverse transcriptase Telonemia Tempo and Mode in Evolution Terminator (genetics)Tetrapod Thallophyte Thaspiviridae The Atlantic The New York Times The Wall Street Journal The eclipse of Darwinism Theistic evolution Theodor Schwann Theodosius Dobzhansky Theory of Forms Thermodesulfobacteriota Thermodynamic cycle Thermodynamic system Thermomicrobiota Thermoproteota Thermotogae Thiocyanic acid Thioformaldehyde Thioformyl Thioxoethenylidene Tholin Thomas Cavalier-Smith Three-domain system Thymine Ti plasmid Tianyaibacteriota Tidal locking Tide Time TimeTree Timeline of the evolutionary history of life Tissue (biology)Titanium(II) oxide Titanium dioxide Tolecusatellitidae Tornado Trace fossil Tragedy of the commons Transcription (biology)Transcription factor Transcriptional regulation Transfer RNA Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance Transitional fossil Translation (biology)Translational regulation Transmutation of species Transposable element Transpoviron Tree of life (biology)Triatomic molecule Tribe (biology)Tricarbon Tricarbon monosulfide Tricarbon monoxide Trihydrogen cation Trivers–Willard hypothesis Trophosome Tropical cyclone Trp operon Tryptophan repressor Two-empire system Ultraviolet Undinarchaeota Unicellular Unicellular organism Uniformitarianism Unit of selection Universal common ancestor Universe Urban ecology Urea Vacuoles Varidnaviria Variety (botany)Vegetabilia Vendobionta Vermes Verrucomicrobiota Vertebrate Viable system theory Vicar of Bray (scientific hypothesis)Viewshed Vinyl alcohol Vinyl cyanide Viral evolution Viral vector Viriform Viroid Virome Virophage Virulence factor Virus Virusoid Vitalism Volvereviria Vulcanimicrobiota Walter Alvarez Water Water conflict Water conservation Water efficiency Water law Water pollution Water privatization Water quality Water resource policy Water resources Water right Water scarcity Water security Water supply Weather Weidenfeld & Nicolson Western Australia Western Greenland Wet lab Wilderness Wildfire Wildlife Wildlife conservation Wildlife management Wilhelm Dilthey Wind Wind power Wired (website)Wirthibacterota Wood World energy resources Wöhler synthesis Xavier Bichat Xenacoelomorpha Xenobot Xerophile Xigoviridae Yale University Press Yamazakiviridae Zhuqueibacterota Zhurongbacterota Zoophyte Zygomycota Édouard Chatton

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