Five-prime cap

Definition

In molecular biology, the five-prime cap is a specially altered nucleotide on the 5′ end of some primary transcripts such as precursor messenger RNA. This process, known as mRNA capping, is highly regulated and vital in the creation of stable and mature messenger RNA able to undergo translation during protein synthesis. Mitochondrial mRNA and chloroplastic mRNA are not capped.

Related concepts

2'-O-methylation 3′ end 7-Methylguanosine Alternative splicing Archaeal transcription Archaeal translation Bacteria Bacterial transcription Bacterial translation Cap analysis gene expression Cap binding complex Capping enzyme Cell nucleus Central dogma of molecular biology Chloroplast Cis-regulatory element Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor Cleavage factor Cleavage stimulation factor Coenzyme A Cytosol DCP1A DCP1B DCP2 DCPS (gene)DNA Directionality (molecular biology)EDC3 EDC4 EIF4E EIF4F EIF4G Epigenetics Eukaryotes Eukaryotic initiation factor 4F Eukaryotic transcription Eukaryotic translation Exon Exonuclease François Jacob Gene expression Gene regulatory network Genetic code Genomic imprinting Guanine Guanosine Guanosine triphosphate Half-life Histone acetylation and deacetylation Hydroxyl Introduction to genetics Intron Jacques Monod Lac operon M7G(5')pppN diphosphatase MRNA (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase MRNA guanylyltransferase Mature messenger RNA Messenger RNA Messenger RNA decapping Methylation Methyltransferase MicroRNA Minor spliceosome Mitochondrion Molecular biology N6-Methyladenosine NADH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Nuclear pore complex Nucleotide P-bodies PABPN1 PLRG1 PRPF18 PRPF19 PRPF3 PRPF31 PRPF38A PRPF38B PRPF39 PRPF4 PRPF40A PRPF40B PRPF4B PRPF6 PRPF8 Phosphorylation Poly(A)-binding protein Polyadenylation Polynucleotide adenylyltransferase Polyuridylation Post-transcriptional modification Post-transcriptional regulation Post-translational modification Post-translational regulation Precursor mRNA Primary transcript Prion Promoter (genetics)Protein Protein synthesis Proteolysis Pyrophosphate RNA-dependent RNA polymerase RNA editing RNA polymerase RNA polymerase II RNA splicing RNA triphosphatase Regulation of gene expression Reverse transcription Ribose Ribosome Ribosome-nascent chain complex S-Adenosyl methionine S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine Small nuclear RNA SnRNP Spliceosome Transcription (biology)Transcription (genetics)Transcription factor Transcriptional regulation Transfer RNA Translation (biology)Translation (genetics)Translational regulation Triphosphate U1 spliceosomal RNA

37 concepts already in your glossary