Cell signaling

Definition

In biology, cell signaling is the process by which a cell interacts with itself, other cells, and the environment. Cell signaling is a fundamental property of all cellular life in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Typically, the signaling process involves three components: the first messenger, the receptor, and the signal itself.

Related concepts

AMPA receptor Acetyl-CoA Acetylcholine Acrasin Action potential Active transport Activin Activin receptor Acyl-CoA Adenylyl cyclase Adrenal gland Agonist Akt/PKB signaling pathway Alanine Aliivibrio fischeri Allosteric modulator Allosteric regulation Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid Amino acid Amino acid metabolism Amino sugar Aminolevulinic acid Antioxidant Apoptosis Arginine Aromatic amino acid Ascorbate Aspartic acid Atrial natriuretic factor receptor Atrial natriuretic peptide Autocrine Autocrine signaling Autocrine signalling Autoimmunity Autoinducer Bacteria Bacterial outer membrane vesicles Bacteriophage Beta oxidation Bile acid Bile pigment Biological functions of nitric oxide Biological process Biology Bioluminescence Biosemiotics Bone morphogenetic protein Bone morphogenetic protein receptor Branched-chain amino acid British English C-myc CAMP-dependent pathway Caenorhabditis elegans Calciferol Calcium Calcium signaling Cancer Carbohydrate metabolism Carbon fixation Carbon monoxide Carotenoid Catalysis Cell (biology)Cell Signaling Technology Cell cycle Cell damage Cell division Cell junction Cell membrane Cell nucleus Cell surface receptor Cell type Cellular Signalling Cellular respiration Channel blockers Chemical polarity Chemical substance Chemical synapse Chemokine Chemotaxis Chloride Chloride channel Chlorophyll Choanoflagellate Cholecalciferol Cholesterol Circulatory system Citric acid Citric acid cycle Co-receptor Cobalamin Codon Cofactor (biochemistry)Conformational change Conserved sequence Creatine Crosstalk (biology)Current Opinion in Microbiology Cyclic AMP Cyclic guanosine monophosphate Cys-loop receptor Cytokine Cytokine receptors Cytoplasm Cytosol DNA-binding protein DNA replication Deamination Depolarization Developmental biology Diabetes Differentiation (cellular)Dipeptide Disaccharide Dishevelled Dopamine Dopamine receptor Dorland's medical reference works Dormancy Downregulation and upregulation Drug target Effector (biology)Eicosanoid Electrical synapse Electron transport chain Embryo Embryonic development Endocannabinoid system Endocrine Endocrine gland Endocrine system Endocrinology Endocytosis Endosome Enzymatic Enzyme Enzyme-linked receptor Epidermal growth factor Epidermal growth factor receptor Epinephrine Epithelium Erythrose 4-phosphate Estrogen Estrogen receptor Eukaryote Evolution Exocrine gland Exocytosis Extracellular Extracellular matrix Extracellular space Fatty acid Fatty acid synthesis Feedback loop Fibroblast growth factor Fibroblast growth factor receptor Fibronectins Frizzled G12/G13 alpha subunits GABA GABAA receptor GABA receptor GRB2 G protein G protein-coupled receptor G protein-gated ion channel G protein–coupled receptor Gamma-Aminobutyric acid Gap junction Gaseous signaling molecules Gastrointestinal tract Gene Gene expression Gene regulation General transcription factor Gi alpha subunit Gland Glucocorticoid Glucogenic amino acid Gluconeogenesis Glucose 6-phosphate Glutamate-gated ion channel family Glutamic acid Glycan Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Glycerol Glycerolipid Glycerophospholipid Glycogenesis Glycogenolysis Glycolysis Glycoprotein Glycosphingolipid Glycosylation Glyoxylate cycle Glyoxylic acid Gonad Gq alpha subunit Growth Hormone Growth factor Growth factors Growth hormone receptor Gs alpha subunit Guanine nucleotide exchange factor Guanosine diphosphate Guanosine triphosphate Guanylate cyclase Hedgehog (cell signaling)Hedgehog signaling pathway Heme Hippo signaling pathway Histidine Homeostasis Homoserine Hormone Host–pathogen interaction Humans Hydrogen sulfide Hydrophilic Hydrophobic Hyperpolarization (biology)Hypothalamus Imd pathway Immune response Immune system Immunity (medical)Inhibin Inositol phosphate Insulin Insulin receptor Integral membrane protein Integrin Integrins Interferon-gamma receptor Interferon gamma Interleukin-1 family Interleukin-1 receptor Intracellular receptor Intracrine Ion Ion-channel Ion channel Isopentenyl pyrophosphate JAK-STAT signaling pathway Janus kinase Journal of Bacteriology Juxtacrine Juxtacrine signalling Ketogenesis Ketogenic amino acid Ketone bodies Kinase Lactic acid Lactic acid fermentation Ligand Ligand-gated ion channel Ligand-gated ion channels Ligand (biochemistry)Light-dependent reactions Lipid Lipid bilayer Lipid metabolism Lipid signaling Lipogenesis Lipolysis List of signalling pathways Lysine MAPK/ERK pathway Malic acid Mating of yeast Mechanism of action Mechanotransduction Medical Subject Headings Membrane potential Membrane protein Membrane transport protein Membrane vesicle trafficking Metabolic pathway Metabolism Metalloprotein Methylation Methylerythritol phosphate Mevalonate pathway Mevalonic acid Microglia Mitogen-activated protein kinase Molecular cellular cognition Molecule Monoamine Monosaccharide Multicellular Nanoscale networking Netpath Neuroendocrine cell Neurohormone Neuron Neuropeptide Neurotransmission Neurotransmitter Neurotransmitters Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor Nitric Oxide Nitric oxide receptor Non-mevalonate pathway Norepinephrine Notch signaling Notch signaling pathway Nuclear receptor Nucleic acid Nucleic acid metabolism Nucleotide Nucleotide sugar Odor Oligosaccharide Organ (biology)Organelle Organism Oscillation (cell signaling)Ovary Oxaloacetic acid Oxidative phosphorylation P2X purinoreceptor PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway Paracrine Paracrine signaling Paracrine signalling Passive transport Pentose phosphate pathway Pheromone Phosphate Phosphatidylinositol Phosphoglycerate Phosphoinositide 3-kinase Phospholipase C Phospholipid Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate Phosphorylation Photorespiration Photosynthesis Photosystem Physiology Plasma membrane Polyamine Polyketide Polysaccharide Polysphondylium violaceum Polyunsaturated fatty acid Porosome Postsynaptic Postsynaptic neuron Potassium Pressure Presynaptic Presynaptic neuron Prokaryote Proline Propionyl-CoA Prostaglandin Prostaglandin receptor Protease Protein Protein Data Bank Protein biosynthesis Protein domain Protein dynamics Protein family Protein interaction Protein kinase Protein metabolism Protein–protein interaction Proteoglycan Proteolysis Pyruvate dehydrogenase Pyruvic acid Quinone Quorum sensing Ras protein Receptor-mediated endocytosis Receptor (biochemistry)Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Receptor protein serine/threonine kinase Receptor tyrosine kinase Receptor–ligand kinetics Redox signaling Retinoic acid Retinoid Reverse transport Rhodopsin Ribose 5-phosphate SMAD (protein)STAT protein Saccharomyces cerevisiae Scaffold protein Second messenger Second messenger system Serine Shikimate pathway Shikimic acid Sialic acid Signal peptide Signal transducing adaptor protein Signal transduction Signaling cascade Single-cell analysis Slime mold Sodium Soliton model in neuroscience Sphingolipid Stem cell Steroid Steroid hormone Steroid hormone receptor Steroid hormones Succinic acid Succinyl-CoA Sugar acid Synapse Synaptic cleft Synaptic transmission Synaptic vesicle Synthetic Biology Open Language Systems biology TGF beta signaling pathway TNF receptor superfamily TRH Temperature Temporal feedback Terpenoid Thyroid gland Thyroid hormone Tissue repair Tocopherol Transcription (genetics)Transcription factor Transcription factor II D Transcription factor II H Transcription preinitiation complex Transforming growth factor beta Transit map Translation (biology)Transmembrane Transmembrane helix Transmembrane protein Transmembrane receptors Tumor necrosis factor Two-component regulatory system Ubiquitinylation Unicellular Upstream and downstream (transduction)Urea cycle Uterus VEGF receptor Vasopressin Vertebrate Virulence Visual phototransduction Vitamin Vitamin A Vitamin B Vitamin C Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K Wax Wnt signaling pathway Yeast

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