Reciprocal altruism

Definition

In evolutionary biology, reciprocal altruism is a behaviour whereby an organism acts in a manner that temporarily reduces its fitness while increasing another organism's fitness, with the expectation that the other organism will act in a similar manner at a later time.

Related concepts

Abiogenesis Adaptation Adaptive radiation Allopatric speciation Alternatives to Darwinian evolution Altruism Altruism (biology)Anagenesis Anatol Rapoport Animal coloration Anisogamy Anne Campbell (academic)Antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis Arctic tern Astrobiology Bactrocera tryoni Baldwin effect Behavioural genetics Biodiversity Biogeography Biological life cycle Biological process Blending inheritance Canalisation (genetics)Canidae Cat gap Catagenesis (biology)Catastrophism Cell nucleus Challenge hypothesis Charles Darwin Cheating (biology)Chromosome Cladistics Cladogenesis Cleaner fish Cleaning symbiosis Coevolution Collaboration Common descent Common good Competitive altruism Convergent evolution Cooperation Cooperation (evolution)Cospeciation Cultural evolution Cultural group selection Daniel Dennett Darwinism David Hume Death Deep time Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion Dinosaur Divergent evolution Domestication of the dog Dual inheritance theory Dunbar's number E. O. Wilson Earliest known life forms Ecological genetics Ecological speciation Ectoparasites Empathy Endomembrane system Enlightened self-interest Ethology Eukaryote Eusociality Evidence of common descent Evolution Evolution of Macropodidae Evolution of ageing Evolution of bacteria Evolution of biological complexity Evolution of birds Evolution of brachiopods Evolution of butterflies Evolution of cells Evolution of cephalopods Evolution of cetaceans Evolution of color vision Evolution of color vision in primates Evolution of emotion Evolution of eusociality Evolution of fish Evolution of flagella Evolution of fungi Evolution of insects Evolution of lemurs Evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles Evolution of mammals Evolution of molluscs Evolution of morality Evolution of nervous systems Evolution of primates Evolution of reptiles Evolution of sexual reproduction Evolution of sirenians Evolution of snake venom Evolution of spiders Evolution of tetrapods Evolution of the brain Evolution of the eye Evolution of the horse Evolution of the wolf Evolutionarily stable strategy Evolutionary arms race Evolutionary biology Evolutionary developmental biology Evolutionary ethics Evolutionary history of plants Evolutionary ideas of the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Evolutionary invasion analysis Evolutionary medicine Evolutionary mismatch Evolutionary models of food sharing Evolutionary pressure Evolutionary psychology Evolutionary taxonomy Evolutionary tradeoff Exaptation Extended evolutionary synthesis Extinction Extinction event Fisher's principle Fitness (biology)Frans de Waal Game theory Garrulus glandarius Gene-centered view of evolution Gene flow Genetic assimilation Genetic drift Genetic variation Gift economy Group selection Hair Handicap principle Helping behavior History of evolutionary thought History of life History of molecular evolution History of paleontology Hologenome theory of evolution Homology (biology)Human evolution Hybrid (biology)Hybrid speciation Hyena Immune system Inbreeding avoidance Inclusive fitness Index of evolutionary biology articles Introduction to evolution Inversion (evolutionary biology)Kin recognition Kin selection Koinophilia Lamarckism Last universal common ancestor Leon Kamin Macroevolution Male warrior hypothesis Marvin Harris Mate choice Mating type Mendelian inheritance Metabolism Microevolution Missing heritability problem Mitochondrion Models of DNA evolution Modern synthesis (20th century)Modularity (biology)Molecular evolution Monogamy in animals Mosaic evolution Multicellular organism Mutation Mutationism Mutualism (biology)Natural selection Neo-Darwinism Neutral theory of molecular evolution Noam Chomsky Nonadaptive radiation Nonecological speciation Norm of reciprocity Not in Our Genes On the Origin of Species Organ (biology)Origin and function of meiosis Origin of avian flight Origin of birds Orthogenesis Outline of evolution Panspermia Parallel evolution Parapatric speciation Parental investment Parent–offspring conflict Peripatric speciation Phenotypic plasticity Phyletic gradualism Phylogenetic tree Phylogenetics Pigeons Plastid Pleiotropy Point mutation Pollinator-mediated selection Polyethism Polymorphism (biology)Population (biology)Population genetics Presociality Priacanthidae Primates (journal)Prisoner's dilemma Programmed cell death Prosocial behavior Protocell Psychological egoism Punctuated equilibrium Reciprocal altruism in humans Reciprocity (evolution)Reciprocity (social psychology)Red-winged blackbird Red Queen hypothesis Reinforcement (speciation)Richard Dawkins Richard Lewontin Robert Trivers Robert Wright (journalist)Ruth Hubbard Saltation (biology)Sarah Blaffer Hrdy Selective breeding Sex-determination system Sex and psychology Sexual dimorphism Sexual selection Sexual selection in flowering plants Sexual selection in fungi Sexual selection in humans Signalling theory Social selection Sociality Sociobiology Spandrel (biology)Speciation Species Species complex Stephen Jay Gould Steven Pinker Steven Rose Structuralism (biology)Symbiogenesis Symbiosis Sympatric speciation Systematics Taxon Teleology in biology Teleonomy Tempo and Mode in Evolution The eclipse of Darwinism Theistic evolution Timeline of the evolutionary history of life Tit for tat Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance Transitional fossil Transmutation of species Trivers–Willard hypothesis Uniformitarianism Unit of selection Vampire bats Vervet monkey Vicar of Bray (scientific hypothesis)Viral evolution Vitalism W. D. Hamilton Wrasse

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