Glycolysis

Definition

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate and, in most organisms, occurs in the liquid part of cells. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). Glycolysis is a sequence of ten reactions catalyzed by enzymes.

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1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate 1,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 2-Phosphoglycerate 2-Phosphoglyceric acid 2-phosphoglycerate 3-Phosphoglycerate 3-Phosphoglyceric acid 3-phosphoglycerate ACSF3 ATP citrate lyase ATP synthase Abiogenesis Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation Acetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Active transport Acyl-CoA Adenosine diphosphate Adenosine monophosphate Adenosine triphosphate Adipocyte Adipose tissue Adrenal glands Aerobic fermentation Aerobic organism Aerobic respiration Alanine Alanine cycle Alanine transaminase Aldolase A Aldolase B Aldolase C Allosteric inhibition Alpha Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid Alpha-enolase Amino acid Amino acid metabolism Amino acid synthesis Amino sugar Aminolevulinic acid Anabolic Anabolism Anaerobic respiration Anaplerotic reaction Animal Anoxygenic photosynthesis Antioxidant Archean Arginine Aromatic amino acid Arsenate Arthur Harden Ascorbate Aspartic acid BRP44 Bacillus stearothermophilus Bacterium Beta-oxidation Beta cells Beta oxidation Bile acid Bile acids Bile pigment Bioenergetics Bioinorganic chemistry Bisphosphoglycerate mutase Branched-chain amino acid Calciferol Calvin cycle Cancer Carbohydrate catabolism Carbohydrate metabolism Carbon fixation Carboxylated Cardiac muscle Carotenoid Catabolic Catabolism Cell signaling Cellular respiration Chemical imaging Chemosynthesis Chlorophyll Chlororespiration Cholesterol Citrate Citric acid Citric acid cycle Cobalamin Coenzyme A Cofactor (biochemistry)Combined malonic and methylmalonic aciduria Conjugate base Cori cycle Creatine Cytosol DNA replication DeLey-Doudoroff pathway Deamination Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase Dihydroxyacetone Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Disaccharide E1cB-elimination reaction E3 binding protein ENO3 Eduard Buchner Eicosanoid Eicosanoid metabolism Electron transport chain End-product inhibition Endocannabinoid system Energy charge Enolase Enolase 2 Entner-Doudoroff pathway Entner–Doudoroff pathway Enzyme Enzymes Epinephrine Erythrose 4-phosphate Ethanol Ethanol fermentation Ethanol metabolism Eukaryote ExPASy Fasting Fatty acid Fatty acid degradation Fatty acid metabolism Fatty acid synthesis Fatty acids Fermentation Fermentation (biochemistry)Flavin adenine dinucleotide Fluorodeoxyglucose Flux (biochemistry)Flux (metabolism)Fructolysis Fructose Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate Fructose-6-phosphate Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate Fructose 6-phosphate Fructose bisphosphatase-2 Futile cycle G6PC GAPDHS GLUT1 GLUT2 GLUT3 GLUT4 GLUT5 GOT1 GOT2 Galactolysis Geoffrey Michael Gadd Glucagon Glucogenic amino acid Glucokinase Gluconeogenesis Glucose Glucose-1-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Glucose 6-phosphatase Glucose 6-phosphate Glucose phosphate isomerase Glutamic acid Glycan Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase Glycerol Glycerol-3-phosphate Glycerol dehydrogenase Glycerol kinase Glycerol phosphate shuttle Glycerolipid Glycerophospholipid Glycogen Glycogen storage disease Glycogenesis Glycogenolysis Glycolysis Glycolytic oscillation Glycoprotein Glycosphingolipid Glycosylation Glyoxylate cycle Glyoxylic acid Great Oxygenation Event Guanosine triphosphate Gustav Embden HK1 HK2 HK3 HMG-CoA Heme Hexokinase Histidine Homeostasis Homoserine Human iron metabolism Hydrolysis Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia IUBMB Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism Inner membrane of the mitochondrion Inorganic phosphate Inositol phosphate Insulin Isomerase Isopentenyl pyrophosphate Isozyme Jakub Karol Parnas Ketogenesis Ketogenic amino acid Ketogenic diet Ketone bodies Ketosis Kinetic perfection LDHA Lactate dehydrogenase Lactic acid Lactic acid fermentation Le Chatelier's Principle Leloir pathway Light-dependent reactions Lipid metabolism Lipogenesis Lipolysis Liver Louis Pasteur Lyase Lysine Malate Malate-aspartate shuttle Malate dehydrogenase Malate dehydrogenase 2 Malic acid Malonyl-CoA Mammalian diving reflex Metabolic adaptation Metabolic network Metabolic pathway Metabolism Metabolomics Metalloprotein Methylerythritol phosphate Mevalonate pathway Mevalonic acid Microorganism Mitochondria Mitochondrion Mnemonic Monosaccharide Muscle Muscle tissue Mutase N-linked glycosylation NAD+NADH Neurotransmitters Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate Non-mevalonate pathway Nucleic acid Nucleic acid metabolism Nucleic acids Nucleotide Nucleotide salvage Nucleotide sugar Nucleotides O-linked glycosylation Otto Fritz Meyerhof Otto Heinrich Warburg Otto Meyerhof Oxaloacetate Oxaloacetic acid Oxidative phosphorylation Oxidised Oxidoreductase Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex PCK1 PFK2 PFKFB1 PFKFB2 PFKFB3 PFKFB4 PFKL PFKM PFKP PFP (enzyme)PGK1 PKLR PKM2 Pancreatic islets Pasteur effect Pentose phosphate pathway Phosphagen Phosphoenolpyruvate Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase Phosphoenolpyruvic acid Phosphofructokinase Phosphofructokinase-1 Phosphofructokinase 1 Phosphofructokinase 2 Phosphoglucoisomerase Phosphoglucose isomerase Phosphoglycerate Phosphoglycerate kinase Phosphoglycerate mutase Phospholipid Phosphopyruvate hydratase Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate Phosphoric acid Phosphorolysis Phosphorylation Photorespiration Photosynthesis Photosystem Physical exercise Polyamine Polyketide Polyol pathway Polysaccharide Polyunsaturated fatty acid Porphyrin Positron emission tomography Post-translational modification Primary nutritional groups Prokaryotes Proline Propionyl-CoA Protein Protein Data Bank Protein biosynthesis Protein catabolism Protein kinase Protein kinase A Protein metabolism Protein phosphatase 1 Protein–protein interaction Proteoglycan Proteolysis Purine metabolism Purine nucleotide cycle Pyrimidine metabolism Pyruvate Pyruvate carboxylase Pyruvate decarboxylation Pyruvate dehydrogenase Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) alpha 1 Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) alpha 2 Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) beta Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex Pyruvate kinase Pyruvate kinase deficiency Pyruvic acid Quinone Radioactive Radiosynthesis (metabolism)Reaction quotient Red blood cell Redox Regulation of gene expression Retinoid Reverse cholesterol transport Ribose 5-phosphate Serine Shikimate pathway Shikimic acid Sialic acid Skeletal striated muscle Sphingolipid Sphingolipid metabolism Starch Steroid Subcellular localization Substrate-level phosphorylation Substrate (biochemistry)Succinic acid Succinyl-CoA Sugar acid TP53-inducible glycolysis and apoptosis regulator TPI1 Terpenoid Thermodynamic free energy Thyroid hormone Tocopherol Transcription (genetics)Transcription factors Transferase Transit map Translation (biology)Triglyceride Triose kinase Triosephosphate isomerase Ubiquinone Urea cycle Vitamin Vitamin A Vitamin B Vitamin C Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K Warburg effect (oncology)Warburg hypothesis Wax William John Young (biochemist)Xylose metabolism Yeast Yogurt

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