Coenzyme A

Definition

Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. Every genome sequenced to date encodes enzymes that use coenzyme A as a substrate, and around 4% of cellular enzymes use it (or a thioester) as a substrate. In humans, CoA biosynthesis requires cysteine, pantothenate (vitamin B5), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Related concepts

2-mercaptoethanol 3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate 4'-phosphopantetheine 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate Abiogenesis Absorbance Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Acyl Acyl-CoA Acyl carrier protein Acyl group Adenosine triphosphate Adenosylcobalamin Adenylation Allosteric regulation Amino acid Anabolism Benzoyl-CoA Beverly Guirard Biotin Butyryl-CoA CAS Registry Number COASY Calcium Carbohydrate Carboxylase Carboxylic acid Carnitine palmitoyl transferase Catabolism ChEBI ChEMBL ChemSpider Chemical formula Chemical nomenclature Cholesterol Choline Citric acid cycle Coenzyme Coenzyme B Coenzyme F420 Coenzyme M Coenzyme Q10 Cofactor (biochemistry)Cofactor F430 Copper Coumaroyl-Coenzyme A Crotonyl-CoA Cysteine Cytidine triphosphate Cytoplasm Dephospho-CoA kinase Dicarboxylic acid Dihydrofolic acid Dithiothreitol DrugBank ECHA InfoCard Enzyme Epinephrine Escherichia coli Esterification Fatty acid Fatty acid biosynthesis Fatty acid metabolism Fatty acyl-CoA Flavin adenine dinucleotide Flavin mononucleotide Flavonoid Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase Fritz Lipmann Genome Glucagon Glutathione Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase Glycolysis Harvard Medical School Heme Heme A Heme B Heme C Heme O Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Insulin International Chemical Identifier Iron Isoprenoid JSmol KEGG Lipid Lipoic acid Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry Lister Institute Lithium Magnesium Malonyl-CoA Manganese Massachusetts General Hospital Medical Subject Headings Methanofuran Methylcobalamin Mineral (nutrient)Mitochondria Molar attenuation coefficient Molar mass Molybdenum Molybdopterin Mycofactocin NME1 Nathan O. Kaplan Nickel Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate PRDX5 Pantetheine-phosphate adenylyltransferase Pantothenate Pantothenate kinase Pantothenic acid Phenylacetyl-CoA Phosphopantetheine Phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase Phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase Phytomenadione Pimelate Polyketide Post-translational regulation Propionyl-CoA Prosthetic group PubChem Pyridoxal phosphate Pyrroloquinoline quinone Pyruvate dehydrogenase Pyruvic acid S-Adenosyl methionine S-Glutathionylation Simplified molecular-input line-entry system Sodium Standard state Stilbenoid Substrate (chemistry)Succinyl-CoA Tetrahydrobiopterin Tetrahydrofolic acid Tetrahydromethanopterin Thiamine pyrophosphate Thioester Thiol Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy Unique Ingredient Identifier Vitamin Vitamin C Vitamin K Zinc

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