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Glucose

Definition

Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. It is the most abundant monosaccharide, a subcategory of carbohydrates. It is made from water and carbon dioxide during photosynthesis by plants and most algae. It is used by plants to make cellulose, the most abundant carbohydrate in the world, for use in cell walls, and by all living organisms to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used by the cell as energy. Glucose is often abbreviated as Glc.

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Classification System Ancient Greek Andreas Sigismund Marggraf Anomer Anomeric effect Apple Apricot Aqueous solution Arabinose Araboascorbic acid Archiv für physiologische Heilkunde Area under a curve Artery Arthropod Arthur Harden Artificial sweetener Aspartic acid Aspergillus niger Aspergillus oryzae Aspergillus terreus Astrocyte August Kekulé Australian Aboriginal sweet foods BRP44 Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus subtilis Bagasse Ball-and-stick model Banana Barfoed's test Barley Barley malt syrup Barley sugar Basolateral Batey (sugar workers' town)Beet Beilstein database Bentiromide Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft Bernardo Houssay Beta-glucan Beta cell Betazole Bile duct Biology Biomolecule Birch syrup Bismuth Blackbirding Blood glucose monitoring Blood plasma Blood sugar Blood sugar level Blood test Boilery Brain Brain cells British Sugar Bromsulfthalein Brown rice syrup Brown sugar Brush border Bundaberg Sugar Butterscotch CAS Registry Number CSR (Australian company)Caffeine Candi sugar Candida brumptii Candy Cane knife Capillary bed Caramel Caramelization Carbohydrate Carbon Carbon dioxide Carboxylic acid Carl Ferdinand Cori Carrot Casa-grande Cassava Catabolite repression Catalysis Cattle Cell membrane Cell wall Cellobiose Cellulose Ceruletide ChEBI ChEMBL Chair conformation Chancaca ChemSpider Chemical Chemical decomposition Chemical formula Chemical nomenclature Chemical stability Cheong (food)Chewing Chili pepper Chirality Chitin Chitosan Cholecystokinin Cholesterol Cis–trans isomerism Citric acid cycle Clostridium thermoaceticum Coconut sugar Colonial molasses trade Coma Concanavalin A Confectionery Confusion Copper(I) oxide Copper acetate Copper oxide Cori cycle Corn husk Corn starch Corn syrup Corticorelin Cortisol Cotton candy Crabtree effect Crop Over Crystalline fructose Cyclic compound Cyclohexane Cyclohexane conformation Cyclopentane Danon disease Date honey Date sugar Demerara rebellion of 1823 Density Deoxy sugar Deoxyribose Dextran Dextrin Dextrorotation and levorotation Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Dietary fiber Digestion Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase Dihydroxyacetone Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Diose Dipole Disaccharide E3 binding protein ENO3 Emil Fischer Enantiomer Endocrine system Enediol Energy metabolism Engenho Enolase Enolase 2 Entner-Doudoroff pathway Enzyme Epimer Epithelium Equatorial bond Erythrocytes Erythrose Erythrulose Escherichia coli Essential fructosuria Esterification Ethanol European Community number Fanconi-Bickel syndrome Fat Fat cell Fat soluble vitamins Fatty acid Fatty acid synthesis Fehling test Fermentation Fermentation (biochemistry)Ficus Fischer projection Flavored syrup Fluorodeoxyglucose Fondant icing Food energy Fructan Fructooligosaccharide Fructose Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate Fructose 6-phosphate Fructose bisphosphatase deficiency Fructose malabsorption Fruit syrup Fucose Fuculose Fumaric acid Fungi Furan Furanose G6PC GAPDHS GLUT1 GLUT14 GLUT1 deficiency GLUT2 GLUT3 GLUT4 GLUT5 GOT1 GOT2 GSD type XV Galactokinase deficiency Galactooligosaccharide Galactose Galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase deficiency Galactose epimerase deficiency Galactosemia Gas chromatography Gelling sugar Gene regulation Gerty Cori Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker Glass transition temperature Glucagon Glucan Glucocorticoid Glucokinase Gluconeogenesis Gluconic acid Glucono-1,5-lactone Gluconobacter suboxydans Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (coenzyme-F420)Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Glucose-galactose malabsorption Glucose 1-phosphate Glucose 6-phosphatase Glucose 6-phosphate Glucose amylase Glucose autoregulation Glucose oxidation reaction Glucose syrup Glucose test Glucose tolerance test Glucose transporter Glucosidases Glycated hemoglobin Glycation Glycemic index Glycemic load Glyceraldehyde Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase Glycogen Glycogen storage disease Glycogen storage disease type 0 Glycogen storage disease type I Glycogen storage disease type II Glycogen storage disease type III Glycogen storage disease type IV Glycogen storage disease type IX Glycogen storage disease type V Glycogen storage disease type VI Glycogenesis Glycogenolysis Glycolaldehyde Glycolipid Glycolysis Glycoprotein Glycosidase Glycoside Glycosylation Glycosyltransferase Gmelin database Golden syrup Gonadotropin-releasing hormone Grape Grape syrup Growth hormone Gula melaka Gulose Gut microbiota HK1 HK2 HK3 Hans von Euler-Chelpin Hard candy Haworth projection Health effects of sugar Heart muscle Heat capacity Heat of combustion Hemiacetal Hemicellulose Hepatocyte Heptose Hereditary fructose intolerance Heterocycle Hexokinase Hexose High-fructose corn syrup High-maltose corn syrup High performance liquid chromatography Histamine History of sugar Holing cane Homeostasis Honey Honeydew (secretion)Hormone Humectant Hydrogen Hydrolysis Hydroxy group Hyperglycemia Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia Hyperoxaluria Hypoglycaemia Hypoglycemia Hypothalamus IUPHAR/BPS Idose Illovo Sugar Immunostaining Inborn error of metabolism Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism Inborn errors of renal tubular transport Incretin Indigo carmine Infertility Infusion therapy Insulin Insulin index Insulin resistance International Chemical Identifier Intravenous sugar solution Intravenous therapy Inulin Invert sugar Inverted sugar syrup Ion-exchange resin Isocitric acid Isoglucose Isomaltooligosaccharide Isomaltose Isomaltulose Isomer Itaconic acid JSmol J Agric Food Chem J Biol Chem Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff Jaggery Jallab Jean-Baptiste Dumas Jejunum Johann Tobias Lowitz John E. McMurry John Yudkin Journal of Chromatography A KEGG Ketohexose Ketone Ketose Kidney Kidney failure Kilocalorie Kilojoule Kojic acid Kuromitsu L-fructose L-glucose LDHA Lactase Lactate dehydrogenase Lactic acid Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus delbrueckii Lactose Lactose intolerance Lactulose Lafora disease Latin Laurence A. Moran Lead acetate Lead glycoside Lectin Leith Sugar House Lentinan Levan polysaccharide Lignin Lipid List of foods made from maple List of sugar manufacturers in Kenya List of sugar manufacturers in Tanzania List of sugar mills in Queensland List of sugars List of syrups List of unrefined sweeteners Liver Liver function tests Lobry de Bruyn–Van Ekenstein transformation Luis Federico Leloir Lye roll Lysosomal storage disease Lysosome Lyxose MODY 2 MPC1 Maesil-cheong Magnetic susceptibility Maillard reaction Maize Major facilitator superfamily Malate dehydrogenase Malate dehydrogenase 2 Malic acid Malt sugar Maltase Maltodextrin Maltose Maltotriose Mannans Mannitol Mannoheptulose Mannose Maple sugar Maple syrup Mass spectrometry Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Medical Subject Headings Medical diagnosis Medical uses of magnesium sulfate Melezitose Melting point Mercury oxide Metabolic intermediate Metabolic pathway Metabolite Methanol Methylene blue Metyrapone Misri Mizuame Mogwa-cheong Molar mass Molasses Molasses Act Molasses sugar Monohydrate Monosaccharide Mouthfeel Mucopolysaccharides Muscle Muscle cell Muscovado Mushroom Mutarotation NADPH NFPA 704 Natta projection Navel orange Nectar Neuraminic acid Neuron Nib sugar Nobel Prize in Chemistry Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Non-centrifugal cane sugar Nonose Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Nucleic acid Nucleophilic addition Nucleus accumbens Nylander's test Oat beta-glucan Octose Oechsle scale Oligosaccharide Onion Open-chain Open-chain compound Optical rotation Oregon State University Organic chemistry Organism Otto Fritz Meyerhof Oxaloacetic acid Oxidative decarboxylation Oxidative phosphorylation Oxidize Oxygen P-tolylboronic acid PCK1 PFKL PFKM PFKP PGK1 PH PKLR PKM2 PRKAG2 Palm sugar Pancreas Pancreatic islets Panela Peach Pear Pectin Peen tong Penicillium notatum Pentagastrin Pentose Pentose phosphate pathway Pentosuria Peptidoglycan Peripheral neuropathy Phenol Phenol red Phosphate Phosphoenolpyruvate Phosphoenolpyruvic acid Phosphofructokinase-1 Phosphofructokinase deficiency Phosphoglucomutase Phosphoglycerate kinase Phosphoglycerate mutase Phosphopyruvate hydratase Phosphorylation Photosynthesis Picric acid Pine honey Pineapple Pituitary gland Plantation Plantation Reserve Plants Plum Polarimeter Polarization (waves)Polarized light Polymer Polyol pathway Polysaccharide Portal vein Positron emission tomography Potassium hydroxide Potato Powdered sugar Pralmorelin Prediabetes Preserving sugar Primary hyperoxaluria Prokaryote Propionibacter shermanii Propionic acid Protein Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pseudomonas fluorescens Psicose Psychological PubChem Pullulanase Pure, White and Deadly Pyran Pyranose Pyruvate carboxylase Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) alpha 1 Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) alpha 2 Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) beta Pyruvate kinase Pyruvate kinase deficiency Pyruvic acid RTECS Raffinose Raisin Reciprocity Treaty of 1875 Red blood cell Reducing sugar Refractometer Renal function Renal glycosuria Renal medulla Residual sugar Respiratory chain Reward system Rhamnose Rhizopus delemar Ribose Ribulose Rice Robert Lustig Rock candy Room temperature Route of administration Rum Ruminant SGLT2 Safety data sheet Sago Saliva Schizophyllan Seattle Times Secondary active transport Secretin Sedoheptulose Self-control Sermorelin Sheep Short-chain fatty acid Silver Silver nitrate Simplified molecular-input line-entry system Sincalide Sinistrin Skeletal formula Skeletal muscle Slavery in the British and French Caribbean Small intestine Sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 Sodium acetate Sodium benzoate Sodium carbonate Sodium chloride Sodium hydroxide Soluble Somatorelin Somatotropin Sorbitol Sorbose Sphingolipid Stachyose Standard enthalpy change of formation Standard molar entropy Standard state Stannous chloride Starch Steen's cane syrup Stereochemical Stereoisomer Stereoisomerism Stomach Sucanat Sucrase Sucrology Sucrose Sucrose intolerance Sugar Sugar Act Sugar Association Sugar Duties Acts 1846 Sugar Intervention Sugar addiction Sugar alcohol Sugar beet Sugar bush Sugar candy Sugar cane Sugar glass Sugar industry Sugar industry of Cuba Sugar industry of India Sugar industry of Mauritius Sugar industry of Rwanda Sugar industry of Sri Lanka Sugar industry of Uganda Sugar industry of the Philippines Sugar industry of the United States Sugar marketing Sugar mills in Fiji Sugar nips Sugar packet Sugar people Sugar plantations in Hawaii Sugar plantations in the Caribbean Sugar production in the Danish West Indies Sugar refinery Sugar sculpture Sugar shack Sugar substitute Sugar tit Sugarcane Sugarcane juice Sugarcane mill Sugaring Sugarloaf Sugars in wine Sulfuric acid Sweet potato Sweetened beverage Sweetener Sweetness Symport Syrup T1R2 T1R3 TPI1 Table syrup Tagatose Taiwan Sugar Railways Talose Tanycyte Tapioca starch Tartaric acid Tate & Lyle Tautomer Testicle Tetrasaccharide Tetrose Threose Thyroid Thyroid-stimulating hormone Thyrotropin-releasing hormone Thyroxine Toffee Tolbutamide Tollens test Tongaat Hulett Transaldolase deficiency Transketolase Treacle Treacle mining Trehalase Trehalose Triangular trade Triglyceride Triose Triosephosphate isomerase Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency Trisaccharide Tuberculin Tuberculosis Tubular cell Tumor Turanose Tuzemák U.S. Sugar Program Unique Ingredient Identifier United States Uridine Uridine diphosphate glucose Uridine triphosphate Uronic acids Van 't Hoff equation Vein Vinasse Visual impairment Vitamin A Vitamin C Volume Warburg effect (oncology)Wasanbon Wheat White sugar Wilmar Sugar World Health Organization World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines X-ray crystallography Xanthan gum Xylose Xylose isomerase Xylulose Yacón syrup Yam (vegetable)Yeast Yuja-cheong Zafra (agriculture)Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie Zymosan

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