Lysine

Definition

Lysine is an α-amino acid that is a precursor to many proteins. Lysine contains an α-amino group, an α-carboxylic acid group, and a side chain (CH2)4NH2, and so it is classified as a basic, charged, aliphatic amino acid. It is encoded by the codons AAA and AAG. Like almost all other amino acids, the α-carbon is chiral and lysine may refer to either enantiomer or a racemic mixture of both. For the purpose of this article, lysine will refer to the biologically active enantiomer L-lysine, where the α-carbon is in the S configuration.

Related concepts

1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 2-Amino-3-carboxymuconic semialdehyde 2-Aminomuconic acid 2-Aminomuconic semialdehyde 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid 2-Methylacetoacetyl-CoA 2-Methylbutyryl-CoA 2-Oxoadipic acid 2-aminoadipate transaminase 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase complex 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid 3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA 3-Hydroxykynurenine 3-Phosphoglyceric acid 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid 4-Maleylacetoacetic acid 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate reductase ALDH7A1 ATC code B05 Acetyl-CoA Acetylation Acetyllysine Adenylylation Agmatine Ajinomoto Alanine Aliphatic compound Allysine Alpha-Aminoadipic acid Alpha-Ketobutyric acid Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid Alpha-Ketoisocaproic acid Alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid Alpha-aminoadipate pathway Alpha-aminoadipic and alpha-ketoadipic aciduria Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial Alpha helix Amino acid Amino acid synthesis Amino acid transporter Amino acids Ammonium Amphiphile Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System Anemia Angewandte Chemie International Edition Anthranilic acid Aqueous solution Archer Daniels Midland Company Arginine Aromatic amino acid Asparagine Aspartic acid Ataxia Auxotrophy Bacterial cell structure Ball-and-stick model Base (chemistry)Beta-Hydroxy beta-methylbutyric acid Beta-Hydroxy beta-methylbutyryl-CoA Beta-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA Beta-Ketoisocaproic acid Beta-Ketoisocaproyl-CoA Biosynthesis Blood plasma Branched-chain amino acid CAS Registry Number Cadaverine Calcium Calcium metabolism Carboxyl Carnitine Casein Catabolism Catalysis Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics Cereal Cereal grain ChEBI ChEMBL ChemSpider Chemical formula Chemical nomenclature Chemical polarity Chirality (chemistry)Citrate Citric acid cycle Citrulline Cloning Cod Codon Collagen Color vision CompTox Chemicals Dashboard Condensation reaction Connective tissue Corynebacterium glutamicum Covalent bond Creatine Creatinine Cross-link Crotonyl-CoA Cystathionine Cysteine Cysteine metabolism Cysteine sulfinic acid D-amino acids DHTKD1 Deamination Decarboxylation Dehydration reaction Dehydroamino acid Dephosphorylation Diaminopimelate Diaminopimelate decarboxylase Diaminopimelate pathway Dietary supplement Dihydrodipicolinate synthase Dinosaur ECHA InfoCard Enantiomer Enzyme Enzymes Epigenetics Epigenome Epilepsy Escherichia coli Essential amino acid European Food Safety Authority Fatty acid metabolism Fermentation Ferritin Formiminoglutamic acid Fritz Weigert Fumarate Gamma-Glutamylcysteine Gene Genetic code Genetic engineering Glucogenic amino acid Glucogenic amino acids Glutaconyl-CoA Glutamate Glutamate-1-semialdehyde Glutamic acid Glutamine Glutaric aciduria type 1 Glutaryl-CoA Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase Glutathione Glycine Glycocyamine Greek language Growth hormone HMG-CoA Heredity Hermann Emil Fischer Herpes simplex virus Histidine Histone Histone modification Holo-(acyl-carrier-protein) synthase Homeostasis Homoaconitate hydratase Homoaconitic acid Homocitrate synthase Homocitric acid Homocysteine Homogentisic acid Homoisocitrate dehydrogenase Homoisocitric acid Hydration reaction Hydrogen bond Hydrolysis Hydrophobe Hydroxylysine Hyperlysinemia IUPHAR/BPS Imidazol-4-one-5-propionic acid Imidazole propionate Imine Imino acid International Chemical Identifier Intracellular Iron Isobutyryl-CoA Isoleucine Isovaleryl-CoA JSmol Jurassic Park (film)Jurassic Park (novel)KEGG Ketogenic amino acid Ketogenic amino acids Kynurenine L-aminoadipate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase Leucine Liver Livestock Lysin Lysine (data page)Lysine price-fixing conspiracy Maize Metabolic disease Metabolic intermediate Metabolite Methacrylyl-CoA Methionine Methylation Methylcrotonyl-CoA Methyllysine Methylmalonyl-CoA Michael Crichton Mitochondria Mitochondrion Molar mass Mutation N'-Formylkynurenine Negative feedback Neurological disorder Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate Non-proteinogenic amino acids OPN1LW OPN1MW OPN1SW Opsins Ornithine Oxaloacetate Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex Pathogen Peptide Phenylalanine Phosphocreatine Phosphorylation Physiological pH Preventive healthcare Prokaryote Proline Propionyl-CoA Protein Protein structure Proteinogenesis Proteinogenic amino acid Proteins Protein–energy malnutrition Protonation Psychomotor retardation PubChem Pulse (legume)Putrescine Pyridoxal phosphate Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy Pyrococcus horikoshii Pyrrolysine Pyruvate Pyruvic acid Quality Protein Maize Racemic mixture Rate-determining step Redox Regulation of gene expression Renal Retinaldehyde Retinylidene Rhodopsin S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine S-Adenosyl methionine SUMO protein Saccharopine Saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate-forming)Saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-lysine-forming)Saccharopine pathway Salt bridge (protein and supramolecular)Sardine Schiff base Secondary amino acid Selective breeding Selenocysteine Sequence homology Serine Simplified molecular-input line-entry system Skeletal formula Soy Soy protein Space-filling model Spasticity Standard state Steady state Storage protein Substrate (chemistry)Succinyl-CoA The Informant!The Informant (book)The New York Times Thermus thermophilus Three Sisters (agriculture)Threonine Tiglyl-CoA Toxicity Transaminase Transamination Transcription (biology)Tryptophan Tyrosine U.S. Department of Justice Ubiquitin Unique Ingredient Identifier Urea cycle Urocanic acid Valine Visual cycle Western world WikiJournal of Science Yeast Zein Zwitterion Α-Aminoadipate pathway Α-amino acid Α-aminoadipate Β-Leucine Β-Methylglutaconyl-CoA

41 concepts already in your glossary