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Apoptosis

Definition

Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms and in some eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms such as yeast. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes (morphology) and death. These changes include blebbing, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and mRNA decay. The average adult human loses 50 to 70 billion cells each day to apoptosis. For the average human child between 8 and 14 years old, each day the approximate loss is 20 to 30 billion cells.

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Robert Horvitz HeLa HeLa cells Helicopter Henrietta Lacks Hepatitis B virus Hippo signaling pathway Hippocrates History of apoptosis research Homeostasis Hormone Human immunodeficiency virus Hypoxia (medical)INK4 Immune system Immunology Inflammatory response Inhibitor of apoptosis Inhibitor of apoptosis protein Integrin Interferon Interphase Intracellular receptor Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins Intracrine Intrinsic apoptosis Ion channel Ischemia IκB kinase IκBα JAK-STAT signaling pathway John Kerr (pathologist)John Sulston Juxtacrine signalling Karyorrhexis La Crosse encephalitis Lamellipodia Lepidoptera Leukemia Ligand Ligand (biochemistry)Lipid signaling Literal translation Live cell imaging MAP2K7 MAP3K1 MAPK/ERK pathway MDM2 MRNA Macrophage Maria Kavallaris Maturation promoting factor Mechanotransduction Medical Subject Headings Meiosis Membrane potential Metaphase MiCK assay Microtubule Mitochondrial Mitochondrion Mitosis Mitotic catastrophe Molecular Biology of the Cell (textbook)Morphology (biology)Multicellular organism NAIP (gene)NCI-H460 NF-κB Natural killer cell Necrobiosis Necrosis Necrotaxis Nemosis Neuroendocrine cell Neurohormone Neuron Neuropeptide Neurotransmitter Nitric oxide Nobel Prize in Medicine Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Notch signaling pathway Nuclear localization sequence Nuclear membrane Oropouche virus P14arf P16 P21 P53 P53 p63 p73 family P73 PFTK1 PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway Pannexin 1 Paracrine signalling Paraptosis Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize Phagocyte Phagocytosis Pheromone Phosphatidylserine Phospholipid scramblase Plasmolysis Poly ADP ribose polymerase Postreplication checkpoint Preprophase Prion Procaspase-8 Programmed cell death Prometaphase Prophase Protease Protein Protein dimer Protein kinase B Protein kinase R Proteolysis Pseudoapoptosis Pterodactylus Ptolemy Pyknosis Quantitative phase-contrast microscopy ROCK1 Receptor (biochemistry)Receptor tyrosine kinase Restriction point Romanization of Ancient Greek S phase Scaffold protein Science Signaling Second messenger system Signal transducing adaptor protein Signal transduction Spindle checkpoint Staining (biology)Survivin Sydney Brenner Synaptic transmission TGF beta signaling pathway TNF TNFR1 TNFR2 TNF receptor superfamily TP63 TRADD TRAF2 TRAIL T helper cell Telophase The Proteolysis Map Time-lapse microscopy Transcription factor Transcription factor II D Transcription factor II H Transcription preinitiation complex Transmembrane protein Transmission electron microscopy Tumor necrosis factor Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 U937 cells University of Aberdeen Vacuole Vesicle (biology and chemistry)Virus Visual phototransduction Walther Flemming Wee1 Western blot Wnt signaling pathway XIAP Xenopus laevis Yeast Zoonotic

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