Neurotransmitter

Definition

A neurotransmitter is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a synapse. The cell receiving the signal, or target cell, may be another neuron, but could also be a gland or muscle cell.

Related concepts

2-Arachidonoyl lysophosphatidylinositol 2-Arachidonoylglycerol 2-Arachidonyl glyceryl ether 2-Oleoylglycerol 3-Iodothyronamine 3-Methoxytyramine 3-iodothyronamine 5-HT1A receptor 5-HT3 5-HT receptor 6-Hydroxymelatonin ACTH receptor ADCYAP1R1 AMPA AMPAR AMPA receptor AMPT AP5 Acetaldehyde Acetylcholine Acetylcholine receptor Acetylcholinesterase Action potential Adenosine Adenosine diphosphate Adenosine monophosphate Adenosine receptor Adenosine triphosphate Adrenal gland Adrenaline Adrenergic receptor Adrenocorticotropic hormone Affective neuroscience Agmatine Agonist Agouti-related peptide Akt/PKB signaling pathway Alanine Alcohol (drug)Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor Alzheimer's disease Amino acid Amino acids Ammonia Amphetamine Amygdala Amylin family Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Analgesia Anandamide Anterior raphespinal tract Anxiety disorder Apomorphine Apoptosis Arachidonoyl serotonin Arcuate nucleus Arginine Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase Arousal Artificial neural network Aspartate Aspartic acid Astrocyte Atropine Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Autism Autocrine signalling Autoreceptor Axon hillock Axon terminal BK channel Barbiturate Basic research Behavioral epigenetics Behavioral neurology Behavioral neuroscience Behavioural genetics Benzodiazepine Beta-Endorphin Bicuculline Biogenic amine Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase Biosynthetic Body temperature Bombesin Bombesin-like peptides Botulinum toxin Bradykinin Bradykinin receptor B1 Bradykinin receptor B2 Brain-reading Brain mapping Brain stem Brain–computer interface Bronchodilator Bryan Roth Buspirone CALCRL CAMP-dependent pathway CYP2D6 Caffeine Calcitonin Calcitonin gene-related peptide Calcitonin receptor Calcium signaling Cannabinoid receptor Cannabinoid receptor 1 Cannabis Carbon monoxide Carbonyl sulfide Cardiovascular system Catechol-O-methyltransferase Catecholamine Caudal nuclei Caudate nucleus Cell membrane Cell signaling Cell surface receptor Cellular neuroscience Central nervous system Cerebellum Cerebral cortex Cerebrospinal fluid Chemical synapse Chlorpromazine Cholecystokinin Cholecystokinin B receptor Cholecystokinin receptor Choline Cholinergic Cholinergic neuron Chromogranin A Chronobiology Cingulate cortex Circadian rhythm Climbing fiber Clinical neurophysiology Clinical neuroscience Co-receptor Cocaine Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript Codeine Cognitive control Cognitive neuroscience Computational neuroscience Connectomics Consumer neuroscience Copeptin Corticotropin-releasing factor family Corticotropin-releasing hormone Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 Cultural neuroscience Curare Cytokine D-serine Delta opioid receptor Dendrite Deprenyl Depression (mood)Detection theory Development of the nervous system Diffusion Diphenhydramine Direct agonist Docosatetraenoylethanolamide Dopamine Dopamine beta-hydroxylase Dopamine receptor Dopamine receptor D2 Dopaminergic neurons Dopaminergic pathways Dorsal raphe Dorsal striatum Dose–response relationship Downregulation Dynorphins Educational neuroscience Endocannabinoid Endocrine system Endomorphins Endorphins Energy homeostasis Enkephalins Enteric nervous system Enzymes Epilepsy Epileptology Epinephrine Euphoria Evolutionary neuroscience Excitatory postsynaptic potential Excitatory synapse Excitotoxicity Exocrine gland Exocytosis Extracellular fluid False neurotransmitter Fenfluramine Fight-or-flight response Fluoxetine Fornix of the brain GABA GABAA-rho receptor GABAA receptor GABAB receptor GABA receptor GALR1 GALR2 GALR3 GHB receptor GPR54 G protein-coupled receptor Galanin Galanin-like peptide Gamma-Aminobutyric acid Gamma-aminobutyric acid Gap junction Gaseous signaling molecule Gasotransmitter Gastrin Gastrin releasing peptide General transcription factor Genetics Gi alpha subunit Gland Glia Glial cells Gliotransmitter Global neurosurgery Globus pallidus Glucagon Glucagon-like peptide-1 Glucagon-like peptide-2 Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor Glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor Glucagon receptor Glucose Glutamate Glutamate (neurotransmitter)Glutamic acid Glutathione Glutathione disulfide Glycine Glycine receptor Gonadotropin-releasing hormone Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor Granin Growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor Growth factor Growth hormone–releasing hormone Guanosine triphosphate Guanylyl cyclase Heme Heroin Hippo signaling pathway Hippocampus Histamine Histamine receptor Histidine Histology History of catecholamine research History of neuroscience Hormone Human brain Huntington disease Hydrocodone Hydrogen sulfide Hyoscine Hypotaurine Hypothalamus Idazoxan Imaging genetics Imidazoline receptor Immunocytochemistry Incertohypothalamic pathway Indirect agonist Indolamines Infundibular nucleus Inhibitory postsynaptic potential Integrative neuroscience Integrin Intracellular receptor Intracrine Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring Inverse agonist Ion channel Ionotropic Ions Ischemic stroke JAK-STAT signaling pathway Juxtacrine signalling Kainate receptor Kappa opioid receptor Ketamine Kiss-and-run fusion Kisspeptin Kynurenic acid L-DOPA Large dense core vesicles Lateral raphespinal tract Lateral tegmental field Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus Ligand (biochemistry)Limbic cortex Lipid Lipid signaling List of regions in the human brain Locus coeruleus Lysergic acid diethylamide Lysophosphatidylinositol MAPK/ERK pathway MDMA MPTP Major depressive disorder Marc Breedlove Mechanotransduction Medial habenula Medial raphe Medial septal nucleus Median eminence Medium spiny neuron Medullary respiratory center Melanin-concentrating hormone Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor Melanocortin Melanocortin 4 receptor Melanocortin receptor Melanocyte-stimulating hormone Melatonin Membrane transport protein Memory Mesocortical pathway Mesolimbic pathway Meta-Tyramine Metabolism Metabotropic Metabotropic glutamate receptor Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 Methadone Methamphetamine Methylphenidate Moclobemide Molecular cellular cognition Molecular neuroscience Monoamine Monoamine neurotransmitter Monoamine oxidase Monoamine transporter Monoamines Mood (psychology)Morphine Motilin Motilin receptor Motivational salience Motor control Motor system Mu opioid receptor Multiple sclerosis Muscarine Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor Muscimol Muscle cell N-Acetylaspartic acid N-Acetylaspartylglutamate N-Acetylaspartylglutamic acid N-Acetylserotonin N-Arachidonoyl dopamine N-Arachidonylglycine N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid N-Methylphenethylamine N-Methyltryptamine N-Methyltyramine N-methylphenethylamine N-methyltryptamine NMDA receptor NPBWR1 Naloxone Natural neuroactive substance Neocortex Neoendorphins Neostriatum Nervous system Neural basis of self Neural circuit Neural decoding Neural engineering Neural pathway Neuro-oncology Neuro-ophthalmology Neuroanatomy Neuroanthropology Neurobiology Neurobranding Neurocardiology Neurochemistry Neurochip Neurocinema Neurocriminology Neurodegenerative disease Neurodevelopmental disorder Neurodiversity Neuroeconomics Neuroendocrine Neuroendocrine cell Neuroendocrinology Neuroepidemiology Neuroepistemology Neuroesthetics Neuroethics Neuroethology Neurogenesis Neurogenetics Neurohistory Neurohormone Neurohypophyseal Neuroimaging Neuroimmune system Neuroimmunology Neuroinformatics Neurointensive care Neurokinin A Neurokinin B Neurolaw Neuroleadership Neurolinguistics Neuroliteracy Neurology Neuromanagement Neuromania Neuromarketing Neuromedin B Neuromedin B receptor Neuromedin U Neuromedin U receptor 1 Neuromedin U receptor 2 Neurometrics Neuromodulation Neuromorphic engineering Neuromorphology Neuromuscular junction Neuromyth Neuron Neuropathology Neuropeptide Neuropeptide B Neuropeptide FF Neuropeptide K Neuropeptide S Neuropeptide S receptor Neuropeptide Y Neuropeptide Y receptor Neuropeptides B/W receptor 2 Neuropharmacology Neurophenomenology Neurophilosophy Neurophysics Neurophysin I Neurophysin II Neurophysiology Neuroplasticity Neuropolitics Neuroprosthetics Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychology Neuropsychopharmacology Neuroradiology Neurorehabilitation Neurorobotics Neuroscience Neuroscience of music Neuroscience of religion Neurosexism Neurosteroid Neurosurgery Neurotechnology Neurotology Neurotoxin Neurotransmission Neurotransmitter analog Neurotransmitter receptor Neurotransmitter release Neurotransmitter transporter Neurovirology Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Nicotine Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor Nigrostriatal pathway Nitric oxide Nitrous oxide Nociceptin Nociceptin receptor Nociception Noradrenaline Norepinephrine Norfenefrine Notch signaling pathway Nucleobase Nucleus accumbens Nucleus basalis of Meynert Nucleus linearis Nucleus of diagonal band Nutritional neuroscience Obsessive–compulsive disorder Octopamine Oleamide Oleoylethanolamide Olfactory bulb Olfactory tubercle Ondansetron Opiate Opioid Opioid peptide Opioid peptides Opioid receptors Opium Orexin Orexin A Orexin B Orexin receptor Orgasm Otto Loewi Outline of neuroscience Oxycodone Oxytocin Oxytocin receptor P2X receptor P2Y receptor PCP (drug)PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway Paleoneurobiology Palmitoylethanolamide Pancreatic polypeptide Parabigeminal nucleus Paracrine signalling Parathyroid hormone-related protein Parathyroid hormone family Parkinson's disease Pars compacta Partial agonist Pedunculopontine nucleus Peptide Peptide YY Peptides Peripheral nervous system Pharmacology Phenethylamine Phenylalanine Phenylethanolamine Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase Pheromone Picrotoxin Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide Positive reinforcement Postsynaptic Postsynaptic density Potassium channel Prefrontal cortex Prefrontal cortices Presynaptic Presynaptic terminal Prolactin-releasing peptide Prolactin-releasing peptide receptor Proline Proopiomelanocortin Prozac Psychiatry Purine Purinergic signalling Putamen Pyroglutamylated RFamide peptide Pyroglutamylated RFamide peptide receptor RFamide peptide family RVD-Hpα Ramón y Cajal Raphe magnus Raphe nuclei Raphe obscurus Raphe pallidus Raphe pontis Receptor (biochemistry)Receptor antagonist Receptor tyrosine kinase Releasing agent Renshaw cell Reserpine Retrograde neurotransmission Reuptake Reuptake inhibitor Reward system Rostral nuclei Rostral ventrolateral medulla Rostromedial tegmental nucleus S-Nitrosoglutathione Sarafem Sarcosine Scaffold protein Schizophrenia Second messenger system Secretin Secretin family Secretin receptor Sedative Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Sensory cortex Sensory neuroscience Septal nuclei Septum Serine Serotonergic pathways Serotonin Serotonin pathways Serotonin receptor Sexual arousal Sexual refractory period Signal transducing adaptor protein Signal transduction Signaling molecule Small molecule Social cognitive neuroscience Social neuroscience Somatostatin Somatostatin receptor Spinal cord Staining Stearoylethanolamide Stress (biology)Striatum Stroke Strychnine Substance P Substantia nigra Substantia nigra pars compacta Subthalamic nucleus Sulfur dioxide Sympathetic nervous system Synapse Synaptic cleft Synaptic plasticity Synaptic terminal Synaptic transmission Synaptic vesicle Synaptic vesicles Synephrine Systems neuroscience T-HCA TAAR1 TAAR2 TGF beta signaling pathway TRPV1 Tachykinin peptides Taurine Tectum Tetrahydrocannabinol Tetrodotoxin Thalamus Thyrotropin-releasing hormone Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor Tiagabine Tobacco Trace amine Trace amine-associated receptor Trace amine-associated receptor 1 Transcription factor Transcription factor II D Transcription factor II H Transcription preinitiation complex Tryptamine Tryptophan Tryptophan hydroxylase Tuberoinfundibular pathway Tuberomammillary nucleus Tyramine Tyrosine U.S. National Institutes of Health Urocortin VMAT2 Vasoactive intestinal peptide Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor Vasoconstriction Vasopressin Vasopressin receptor Ventral striatum Ventral tegmental area Virodhamine Visual phototransduction Vitamin Voltage-dependent calcium channel Volume transmission Wnt signaling pathway Working memory Zinc Zona incerta Β-Alanine Β-endorphin Γ-Amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid Γ-Hydroxybutyric acid

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