Definition
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells. rRNA is a ribozyme which carries out protein synthesis in ribosomes. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and then bound to ribosomal proteins to form small and large ribosome subunits. rRNA is the physical and mechanical factor of the ribosome that forces transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) to process and translate the latter into proteins. Ribosomal RNA is the predominant form of RNA found in most cells; it makes up about 80% of cellular RNA despite never being translated into proteins itself. Ribosomes are composed of approximately 60% rRNA and 40% ribosomal proteins, though this ratio differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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12S ribosomal RNA16S ribosomal RNA18S ribosomal RNA23S rRNA23S ribosomal RNA28S ribosomal RNA30S40S40S ribosomal protein S1040S ribosomal protein S1140S ribosomal protein S1240S ribosomal protein S1340S ribosomal protein S1440S ribosomal protein S1540S ribosomal protein S15a40S ribosomal protein S1640S ribosomal protein S1740S ribosomal protein S1840S ribosomal protein S1940S ribosomal protein S240S ribosomal protein S2040S ribosomal protein S2140S ribosomal protein S2340S ribosomal protein S2440S ribosomal protein S2540S ribosomal protein S2640S ribosomal protein S2740S ribosomal protein S27a40S ribosomal protein S2840S ribosomal protein S2940S ribosomal protein S340S ribosomal protein S3040S ribosomal protein S3a40S ribosomal protein S4, X isoform40S ribosomal protein S4, Y isoform 140S ribosomal protein S4, Y isoform 240S ribosomal protein S540S ribosomal protein S740S ribosomal protein S840S ribosomal protein S95.8S ribosomal RNA50S5S ribosomal RNA60S60S acidic ribosomal protein P060S acidic ribosomal protein P160S acidic ribosomal protein P260S ribosomal protein L1060S ribosomal protein L10-like60S ribosomal protein L10a60S ribosomal protein L1160S ribosomal protein L1260S ribosomal protein L1360S ribosomal protein L13a60S ribosomal protein L1460S ribosomal protein L1560S ribosomal protein L1760S ribosomal protein L1860S ribosomal protein L18a60S ribosomal protein L1960S ribosomal protein L2160S ribosomal protein L2260S ribosomal protein L2360S ribosomal protein L23a60S ribosomal protein L2460S ribosomal protein L2660S ribosomal protein L2760S ribosomal protein L27a60S ribosomal protein L2860S ribosomal protein L2960S ribosomal protein L360S ribosomal protein L3060S ribosomal protein L3160S ribosomal protein L3260S ribosomal protein L3460S ribosomal protein L3560S ribosomal protein L35a60S ribosomal protein L3660S ribosomal protein L36a60S ribosomal protein L3760S ribosomal protein L37a60S ribosomal protein L3860S ribosomal protein L3960S ribosomal protein L460S ribosomal protein L4160S ribosomal protein L560S ribosomal protein L660S ribosomal protein L760S ribosomal protein L7a60S ribosomal protein L860S ribosomal protein L9AKTAMP-activated protein kinaseATPaseAcidAdenosine triphosphateAlpha-sarcinAmino acidAmino acid residueAminoacyl tRNA synthetaseAngiogeninAntibioticsAntisense RNAArchaeaArchaeal initiation factor-1Archaeal initiation factor-3Archaeal initiation factor-5Archaeal initiation factor-6Archaeal initiation factorsArchaeal translationAromaticityArtificially Expanded Genetic Information SystemAsgard (archaea)BacteriaBacterial artificial chromosomeBacterial initiation factorBacterial ribosomesBacterial translationBase pairBinding siteCancerCarboxylic acidCell (biology)Cell physiologyChloramphenicolChloroplastChromosomeChromosomesCloning vectorComplementary DNACosmidCryo-EMCrystal structureCytoplasmDNADeoxyribonucleotideDeoxyribozymeDiazaborine BDownregulation and upregulationDrosophilaDrug resistanceE. coliEEF-1EEF1A2EEF1A3EEF1B2EEF1B2P1EEF1B2P2EEF1B2P3EEF1DEEF1E1EEF1GEEF2EF-4EF-GEF-TsEF-TuEIF-2 kinaseEIF1EIF1AXEIF1AYEIF1BEIF2EIF2AEIF2BEIF2B1EIF2B2EIF2B3EIF2B4EIF2B5EIF2S1EIF2S2EIF2S3EIF3EIF3AEIF3BEIF3CEIF3DEIF3EIPEIF3FEIF3GEIF3HEIF3IEIF3JEIF3KEIF3MEIF3S6EIF4EIF4AEIF4A1EIF4A2EIF4A3EIF4BEIF4EEIF4E2EIF4E3EIF4GEIF4G2EIF4G3EIF4HEIF5EIF5AEIF5A2EIF5BEIF6ERF1Elongation factorElongation factor PEndonucleaseEnhancer RNAErythromycinEscherichia coliEsterifiedEukaryaEukaryoteEukaryotesEukaryotic CellsEukaryotic initiation factorEukaryotic large ribosomal subunit (60S)Eukaryotic ribosomeEukaryotic small ribosomal subunit (40S)Eukaryotic translationEukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gammaEvolutionExonucleaseExternal transcribed spacerFlyFosmidGFM1GFM2GSPT1GSPT2GTPaseGeneGene clusterGene expressionGene transferGenetic divergenceGenomeGenomic DNAGlycol nucleic acidGuide RNAHammerhead ribozymeHeimdallarchaeotaHelicaseHelix structureHeterochromatinHexoseHomeostasisHomology (biology)Horizontal gene transferHumanHuman artificial chromosomeHuman genomeHypoxic tissueInitiation factorInternal transcribed spacerIntracellularKasugamycinKinaseKozak consensus sequenceLGTNLSU rRNALambda phageLigaseLinezolidLocked nucleic acidLokiarchaeotaMRPS1MRPS10MRPS13MRPS14MRPS15MRPS18MRPS19MRPS20MRPS23MRPS27MRPS29MRPS3MRPS31MRPS32MRPS34MRPS4MRPS8MT-RNR1MT-RNR2MT-TV (mitochondrial)MTIF1MTIF2MTIF3Medical Subject HeadingsMedicineMessenger RNAMetabolic activityMetabolismMethylationMicroRNAMir-663 microRNA precursor familyMitochondriaMitochondrial DNAMitochondrial ribosomal protein L1Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L10Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L11Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L13Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L14Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L15Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L16Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L17Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L18Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L19Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L2Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L20Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L21Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L22Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L23Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L24Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L25Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L26Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L27Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L28Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L29Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L3Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L30Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L31Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L32Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L33Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L34Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L35Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L36Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L37Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L38Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L39Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L4Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L40Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L41Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L42Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L5Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L6Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L7Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L8Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L9Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S11Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S12Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S16Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S17Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S2Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S21Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S22Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S24Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S25Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S26Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S28Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S30Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S33Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S35Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S5Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S6Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S7Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S9Mitochondrial ribosomeMorpholino nucleic acidMosquitoMulticopy single-stranded DNAMutationMycobacterium tuberculosisNational High Magnetic Field LaboratoryNon-coding RNANucleic acidNucleic acid analogueNucleolusNucleolus organizer regionNucleosideNucleoside-modified messenger RNANucleotideNucleotide baseOperonOrganellar DNAOrganelleOrganismP1-derived artificial chromosomePalindromic sequenceParomomycinPeptide nucleic acidPeptidyl transferasePhagemidPhenylalaninePhosphorothioate nucleic acidPhosphorylationPhylogeneticsPiwi-interacting RNAPlasmidPlastid DNAPoint mutationPolysomePrimary structurePrimary transcriptProbable ribosome biogenesis protein RLP24ProkaryoteProkaryotic initiation factor-1Prokaryotic initiation factor-2Promoter (genetics)ProteinProtein Data BankProtein biosynthesisProtein foldingProtein secondary structureProtein synthesisPseudouridineRACK1RNARNA18SN1RNA18SN2RNA18SN3RNA18SN4RNA18SN5RNA28SN1RNA28SN2RNA28SN3RNA28SN4RNA28SN5RNA45SN1RNA45SN2RNA45SN3RNA45SN4RNA45SN5RNA5-8SN1RNA5-8SN2RNA5-8SN3RNA5-8SN4RNA5-8SN5RNA5S1RNA5S10RNA5S11RNA5S12RNA5S13RNA5S14RNA5S15RNA5S16RNA5S17RNA5S2RNA5S3RNA5S4RNA5S5RNA5S6RNA5S7RNA5S8RNA5S9RNA interferenceRNA polymeraseRNA polymerase IRNA polymerase IIIRNR1RNR2RNR3RNR4RNR5RRP15Rate-determining stepRate limiting stepReading frameRegulation of gene expressionRelease factorRfamRibonucleaseRibosomal DNARibosomal proteinRibosomal protein S6Ribosomal protein SARibosomeRibosome biogenesisRibotypingRibozymeRolls-Royce North AmericaSSU rRNASUI1Saccharomyces cerevisiaeSciaridaeShine-Dalgarno sequenceShort hairpin RNASmall Cajal body-specific RNASmall interfering RNASmall nuclear RNASmall nucleolar RNASmall temporal RNASpeciesSpectinomycinStacking (chemistry)Start codonStem-loopStop codonStreptomycinStringent responseSubgenomic mRNASusan J. BasergaSvedbergTRNATSFMTandem repeatsTandemly arrayed genesTaxonomy (biology)Thermus thermophilusThiopeptideThiostreptonThreose nucleic acidTrans-acting siRNATranscription (biology)Transcription initiationTransfer-messenger RNATransfer RNATranslationTranslation (biology)Translation initiation factor IF-3TryptophanTuberculosisTyrosineUbiquitinUbiquitin A-52 residue ribosomal protein fusion product 1Veterinary medicineX-ray crystallographyXeno nucleic acidY RNAYeastYeast artificial chromosome
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