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Tyrosine

Definition

L-Tyrosine or tyrosine or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning 'cheese', as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

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Chocolate chip Chocolate chip cookie Chocolate coin Chocolate crackles Chocolate crinkle Chocolate fountain Chocolate gravy Chocolate ice cream Chocolate in Japan Chocolate in savory cooking Chocolate industry Chocolate industry in the Philippines Chocolate liqueur Chocolate liquor Chocolate milk Chocolate pudding Chocolate spread Chocolate syrup Chocolate truffle Chocolaterie Chocolatier Ciclindole Cicloprolol Ciladopa Cimaterol Cinamolol Cinuperone Cioccolato di Modica Cirazoline Citrate Citric acid cycle Citrulline Clebopride Clenbuterol Clocapramine Clomipramine Clonidine Clopenthixol Clopimozide Cloranolol Clorotepine Clothixamide Clotiapine Clozapine Cocoa bean Cocoa butter Cocoa production in Brazil Cocoa production in Ghana Cocoa production in Ivory Coast Cocoa production in Japan Cocoa production in Nicaragua Cocoa production in Nigeria Cocoa production in Papua New Guinea Cocoa production in Samoa Cocoa production in Sri Lanka Cocoa production in São Tomé and Príncipe Cocoa production in Taiwan Cocoa production in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Cocoa smuggling Cocoa solids Coenzyme Coenzyme Q10 Cognitive load Colloid Colterol CompTox Chemicals Dashboard Compound chocolate Conching Conditionally essential amino acid Corbadrine Corynanthine Cottage cheese Couverture chocolate Creatine Creatinine Crotonyl-CoA Cyamemazine Cyanogenic glycoside Cyanopindolol Cystathionine Cysteine Cysteine metabolism Cysteine sulfinic acid Côte d'Ivoire–Ghana Cocoa Initiative D-amino acids D1-like receptor D2-like receptor DETQ DHA-clozapine DIMIT DITPA DPTQ Dalbraminol Dapiprazole Dark chocolate Debenzergoline Dehydroamino acid Denopamine Deoxyepinephrine Desglymidodrine Desiccated thyroid extract Desmethoxyfallypride Detomidine Deudomperidone Dexisometheptene Dexmedetomidine Dexpropranolol Dextrothyroxine Diacetolol Dichloroisoprenaline Dietary Reference Intake Dietary supplements Dihydrexidine Dihydroalprenolol Dihydroergocryptine Dihydroergotamine Dihydroxyphenylethylene glycol Dilevalol Dinapsoline Dinoxyline Dipivefrine Diprafenone Dipropyldopamine Disulergine Dixyrazine Dizocilpine Dobutamine Domesticine Domperidone Dopamine Dopamine (medication)Dopamine beta-hydroxylase Dopamine receptor Dopexamine Dosergoside Doxanthrine Doxazosin Doxepin Draquinolol Droperidol Droxidopa DrugBank Dutch process cocoa ECHA InfoCard Ecastolol Ecopipam Efaroxan Elopiprazole Elunetirom Enkephalin Enrober Environmental impact of cocoa production Enzyme Enzyme inhibitor Epanolol Epicriptine Epinephrine Eprotirome Ergocornine Ergoline Ergotamine Ericolol Ersentilide Esatenolol Esketamine Esmirtazapine Esprolol Essential amino acid Ester linkage Etafedrine Ethylnorepinephrine Eticlopride Etilefrine Etilevodopa Etisulergine Etoperidone Etrabamine Eugenodilol Exaprolol F-15063 Fair trade cocoa Falintolol Fallypride Fananserin Fatty acid synthesis Fenfluramine Fenmetozole Fenoldopam Fenoterol Fenspiride Fipamezole Fish (food)Flavan-3-ol Flestolol Flibanserin Fluacizine Fluanisone Flucindole Flumezapine Fluotracen Fluparoxan Flupentixol Flupentixol/melitracen Fluperlapine Fluphenazine Fluprothixene Flusoxolol Fluspirilene Food additives Formiminoglutamic acid Formoterol Free-radical Free radical French chocolate Fudge Fumarate Fumarylacetoacetate Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase Functional group Gamma-Glutamylcysteine Ganache Genetic code Genetic engineering Genistein Gepirone Gevotroline Ghana Cocoa Board Gianduja (chocolate)Glossary of chocolate terms Glovadalen Glucogenic amino acid Glucogenic amino acids Glutaconyl-CoA Glutamate Glutamate-1-semialdehyde Glutamic acid Glutamine Glutaryl-CoA Glutathione Glycine Glycocyamine Greek language Guanabenz Guanfacine Guanoxabenz HMG-CoA Haloperidol Harkin–Engel Protocol Hexoprenaline Higenamine Histamine Histidine History of chocolate Homocysteine Homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase Homogentisic acid Homopipramol Homovanillic acid Homovanillyl alcohol Hot chocolate Human brain Hydrophobe Hydroxycarteolol Hydroxyl Hydroxynefazodone Hydroxytertatolol Hydroxytyrosol Hydroxyzine ICI-118,551 IUPHAR/BPS Ibopamine Idazoxan Idropranolol Iloperidone Imidazol-4-one-5-propionic acid Imidazole acetaldehyde Imidazole propionate Imidazoleacetic acid Imino acid Imipramine Indacaterol Indanidine Indenolol Indole-3-acetaldehyde Indopanolol Indoramin Industrial fermentation International Chemical Identifier International Cocoa Organization International Cocoa Quarantine Centre Iodine Iodine-131 Iodobenzamide Iodocyanopindolol Iodothyronine deiodinase Iopanoic acid Ipodate sodium Iprocrolol Ipsapirone Isamoltane Isobutyryl-CoA Isocorypalmine Isoetarine Isoleucine Isometheptene Isoprenaline Isovaleryl-CoA Isoxaprolol Isoxsuprine Itopride JSmol Justus von Liebig KB-130015 KB-141 KB-2611 KEGG Ketamine Ketanserin Ketogenic amino acid Ketogenic amino acids Ketone body Kynurenine L-741,626 L-745,870 L-765,314 L-DOPA LEK-8829 LSD Labetalol Landiolol Lecithin Lenperone Lergotrile Leucine Levobetaxolol Levobunolol Levofenfluramine Levomepromazine Levomoprolol Levosalbutamol Levosulpiride Levothyroxine Ligand (biochemistry)Lima bean Liothyronine Liotrix List of bean-to-bar chocolate manufacturers List of chocolate-covered foods List of chocolate bar brands List of chocolate drinks List of chocolate museums List of chocolatiers List of countries by cocoa production Lisuride Lofexidine Loxapine Lu AE04621 Lu AF28996 Lubabegron Lumateperone Lurasidone Lysine MB-07344 MB-07811 MT-1207 Mabuterol Magnetic susceptibility Maleylacetoacetate Mammal Maprotiline Matsupexole Mazapertine Meat Medetomidine Medroxalol Melanin Melatonin Melevodopa Melperone Memantine Membrane transport protein Mepindolol Mepiprazole Mesoridazine Messenger RNA Mesulergine Meta-Chlorophenylpiperazine Metabolic intermediate Metanephrine Metaraminol Metazosin Metergoline Methacrylyl-CoA Methimazole Methionine Methoxamine Methoxyphenamine Methylcrotonyl-CoA Methyldopa Methylmalonyl-CoA Methylthiouracil Metipranolol Metitepine Metoclopramide Metopimazine Metoprolol Mevidalen Mianserin Midodrine Military chocolate (Switzerland)Military chocolate (United States)Milk Milk chocolate Mirabegron Mirtazapine Mivazerol Modafinil Moiety (chemistry)Molar mass Mole (sauce)Molindone Monatepil Moperone Moprolol Morphine Mosapramine Moxisylyte Moxonidine N'-Formylkynurenine N,N-Propyldihydrexidine N-Acetyl-γ-aminobutyric acid N-Acetylputrescine N-Acetylserotonin N-Ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline N-Methylphenethylamine N-Methylspiperone N-Methyltyramine NAN-190 NFPA 704 NH3 (THR antagonist)Nadolol Nadoxolol Nafadotride Naftopidil Nantenine Naphazoline Naranol Naxagolide Nebivolol Nefazodone Neldazosin Nemonapride Neurotransmitter Niaprazine Nicergoline Nifenalol Niguldipine Nipradilol Nolomirole Non-proteinogenic amino acids Norclozapine Norepinephrine Normetanephrine Norquetiapine Nuciferine OSU-6162 Ocaperidone Octopamine Odapipam Olanzapine Olanzapine/fluoxetine Opipramol Orciprenaline Ordopidine Organic chocolate Ornithine Outline of chocolate Oxaloacetate Oxidation Oxidative decarboxylation Oxidative stress Oxprenolol Oxyfedrine Oxygen-evolving complex Oxymetazoline P-Coumaric acid P-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase PD-128,907 PD-168,077 PF-06412562 PF-219,061 PF-592,379 PF-610355 PF-6649751 PF 6669571 PNU-99,194 PS75 Pacrinolol Pafenolol Paliperidone Pamatolol Papaver somniferum Para-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Para isomer Pardoprunox Pargolol Pauly reaction Peanut Pelanserin Penbutolol Penfluridol Peptide Perathiepin Perazine Perchlorate Pergolide Periciazine Perlapine Perospirone Perphenazine Pertechnetate Pharmaceuticals Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior Phenacetaldehyde Phencyclidine Phendioxan Phenethylamine Phenol Phenoxybenzamine Phentolamine Phenylalanine Phenylalanine hydroxylase Phenylephrine Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase Phenylpiperazine Phenylpropanolamine Phloretic acid Phosphocreatine Phosphorylation Phosphoserine Photosynthesis Photosystem II Pifluthixol Piflutixol Pimozide Pindolol Pipamperone Piperacetazine Piperoxan Pipotiazine Piquindone Pirbuterol Piribedil Post-translational modification Potassium perchlorate Practolol Pramipexole Prazosin Preclamol Prenalterol Prephenate Prephenic acid Pridopidine Primidolol Procaterol Prochlorperazine Procinolol Proline Promazine Promethazine Pronethalol Propafenone Propiomazine Propionyl-CoA Propranolol Propylnorapomorphine Propylthiouracil Protein Protein biosynthesis Protein kinase Protein tyrosine kinase Proteinogenic amino acid Proterguride Prothipendyl PubChem Pukateine Pumpkin seed Putrescine Pyrimidinylpiperazine Pyrrolysine Pyruvate Quetiapine Quinagolide Quinazosin Quinelorane Quinidine Quinpirole RDS-127 RU-24213 RU-29717 Raclopride Ractopamine Rate-limiting enzyme Rauwolscine Raw chocolate Receptor (biochemistry)Receptor modulator Redox Remoxipride Reproterol Resmetirom Rezatomidine Ridazolol Rilmenidine Rimantadine Rimiterol Risperidone Ritodrine Ro10-5824 Romifidine Ronactolol Ropinirole Rotigotine Roxindole Ruby chocolate S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine S-Adenosyl methionine S32504 SB-277,011-A SCH-23390 SH2 domain SKF-38,393 SKF-39315 SKF-77,434 SKF-81,297 SKF-82,958 SKF-83,959 SKF-89,145 SKF-89,615 SKF-89,626 SR 59230A SV-293 Saccharopine Salbutamol Salmeterol Salsolinol Salvinorin A Sarizotan Secondary amino acid Selenium Selenocysteine Seridopidine Serine Serotonin Sertindole Sesame seed Setiptiline Shikimate pathway Signal transduction Silodosin Simplified molecular-input line-entry system Skeletal formula Sobetirome Sodium-iodide symporter Sodium pertechnetate Solabegron Sonepiprazole Soquinolol Sotalol Soy products Space-filling model Spegatrine Spiperone Spirendolol Spiroxatrine Standard amino acid Standard state Stepholidine Structural isomers Succinyl-CoA Sugar crust Sulfinalol Sulforidazine Sulpiride Sultopride Sumanirole Sunepitron Swiss chocolate Synephrine Systematic review Talinolol Talipexole Tamsulosin Tandospirone Tasipimidine Tavapadon Tazolol Tefludazine Teflutixol Tempered chocolate Tenilapine Terazosin Terbutaline Terguride Tertatolol Tetracyclic antidepressant Tetrahydropalmatine Tetraiodothyroacetic acid Tetramethylpyrazine Tetryzoline The Journal of Chemical Physics Theobroma cacao Theobromine Theophylline Thiethylperazine Thiocyanate Thiopropazate Thioproperazine Thioridazine Thiothixene Thiourea Threonine Thyroglobulin Thyroid Thyroid hormone receptor Thyroid peroxidase Thyromimetic Thyroxine Tiamenidine Tiapride Tienoxolol Tiglyl-CoA Tilisolol Timiperone Timolol Tiodazosin Tiospirone Tiprenolol Tiratricol Tizanidine Tolamolol Tolazoline Toliprolol Tolonidine Trace amine Transamination Transporter blocker Tranylcypromine/trifluoperazine Trazodone Trazpiroben Trepipam Tretoquinol Triazoledione Tricyclic antidepressant Trifluoperazine Trifluperidol Triflupromazine Triiodothyronine Trimazosin Trimethobenzamide Trimipramine Tryptamine Tryptophan Tulobuterol Types of chocolate Types of cocoa beans Typical antipsychotic Tyramine Tyrosine (data page)Tyrosine ammonia lyase Tyrosine hydroxylase Tyrosine phenol-lyase Tyrosine sulfation Tyrosine transaminase Tyrosinemia Tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase UH-232 Umespirone Unique Ingredient Identifier Urapidil Urea cycle Urocanic acid VK-0214 VK-2809 Valeric acid Valine Vanillylmandelic acid Vatinoxan Veralipride Vibegron Vilanterol WAY-100,635 WB-4101 White chocolate World Cocoa Foundation XC-130 XP21279 Xamoterol Xibenolol Xipranolol Xylazine Xylometazoline Yogurt Yohimbine ZYT1 Zelandopam Zetidoline Zicronapine Zilpaterol Zinterol Ziprasidone Zolertine Zotepine Zuclopenthixol Zwitterion Β-Leucine Β-Methylglutaconyl-CoA Β-adrenergic receptor Γ-Aminobutyric acid

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