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Neural network (machine learning)

Definition

In machine learning, a neural network (NN) or neural net, also known as an artificial neural network (ANN), is a computational model inspired by the structure and functions of biological neural networks.

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15.ai 3Blue1Brown 3D reconstruction AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence ADALINE AIVA AI agent AI alignment AI anthropomorphism AI boom AI bubble AI data center AI effect AI literacy AI nationalism AI safety AI slop AI takeover AI veganism AI winter A priori and a posteriori Action selection Activation function Active learning (machine learning)Ad hoc Adaptation Adaptive control Adaptive cruise control Adaptive learning rate Adobe Firefly Adrien-Marie Legendre Advanced driver-assistance system Adversarial machine learning Affective neuroscience Agent-based modelling Agent2Agent Aidan Gomez Alan Turing Alberto Broggi Alberto Ciaramella AlexNet Alex Graves (computer scientist)Alex Krizhevsky Alex Waibel Alexander Dewdney Alexey Ivakhnenko Algebraic topology Allen Newell AlphaFold AlphaGo AlphaZero Amazon (company)Ambient intelligence American Center for Mobility American Psychologist Andrej Karpathy Andrew Ng Andrew Zisserman Anomaly detection Ant colony optimization Anthony Levandowski Applications of artificial intelligence Apprenticeship learning Approximation Artificial Intelligence Act Artificial Intelligence Cold War Artificial financial market Artificial general intelligence Artificial human companion Artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence and elections Artificial intelligence arms race Artificial intelligence in architecture Artificial intelligence in education Artificial intelligence in fiction Artificial intelligence in healthcare Artificial intelligence in mental health Artificial intelligence in video games Artificial intelligence visual art Artificial life Artificial neural network Artificial neuron Artificial neurons Artificial superintelligence Ashish Vaswani Association for Computing Machinery Association rule learning Assured clear distance ahead Attention (machine learning)Attention Is All You Need Attractor Aurora (text-to-image model)AutoGPT Autoencoder Automated Lane Keeping System Automated Lane Keeping Systems Automated emergency braking system Automated guideway transit Automated machine learning Automated reasoning Automated theorem proving Automatic parking Automation and Remote Control Automotive navigation system Autopoiesis Autoregressive model Avride BERT (language model)BIRCH BLOOM (language model)Backpropagation Basic research Batch learning Batch normalization Bayes' theorem Bayesian network Bayesian probability Bayesian spam filtering Behavioral epigenetics Behavioral neurology Behavioral neuroscience Behavioural genetics Bernard Widrow Bias–variance tradeoff Bifurcation theory Bio-inspired computing Biological neural networks Biological neuron models Blind source separation Blind spot monitor Block diagram Blue Brain Project Bode plot Boltzmann machine Boosting (machine learning)Bootstrap aggregating Bounded rationality Brain Brain-reading Brain mapping Brain–computer interface Brendan Frey Brian D. Ripley CAVForth CURE algorithm Cambridge University Press Canonical correlation Catastrophic interference Cellular automata Cellular neuroscience Central processing unit Centrality Cerebellar model articulation controller Cerebellum Chain rule Chaos theory ChatGPT Chatbot psychosis Chinchilla (language model)Christopher D. Manning Chronobiology Circuit (neural network)Claude (language model)Claude Shannon Cliff Shaw Clinical neurophysiology Clinical neuroscience Closed-loop controller Closed-loop transfer function Cluster analysis Coastal engineering Coefficient diagram method Coefficient of determination Cognitive architecture Cognitive neuroscience Cognitive psychology Collective action Collective behavior Collective consciousness Collective intelligence Collision avoidance system Competition in artificial intelligence Complex adaptive system Complex system Computation theory Computational learning theory Computational model Computational neuroscience Computer security Computer stereo vision Computer vision Concept drift Conditional random field Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems Confidence interval Confusion matrix Conjugate gradient method Connected car Connectionism Connectionist expert system Connectomics Consumer neuroscience Content creation Context-aware pervasive systems Control reconfiguration Control theory Controllability Convergent series Convex function Convolution Convolutional neural network Coupled map lattices Credit risk Credit scoring Cross-validation (statistics)Crowdsourcing Cruise control Cultural neuroscience Curriculum learning Cybernetics DALL-E DALL·E 2 DARPA Grand Challenge DAVI DBRX DBSCAN Daniel Kokotajlo (researcher)Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence Data augmentation Data cleaning Data clustering Data compression Data mining Data processing Data visualization David E. Rumelhart David J.C. MacKay David J. C. MacKay David Silver (computer scientist)David Silver (programmer)Decision tree learning Dedicated short-range communications DeepDream DeepSeek (chatbot)Deep image prior Deep learning Deep learning speech synthesis Deepfake Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Demis Hassabis Density estimation Detection theory Development of the nervous system Differentiable neural computer Differential topology Diffusion model Diffusion process Digital control Digital morphogenesis Digital signal processing Dimensionality reduction Directed acyclic graph Directed graph Discrete-time signal Discretization Dissipative structures Distributed computing Distributed control system Distributed parameter systems Document classification Donald O. Hebb Double descent Dream Machine (text-to-video model)Driver drowsiness detection Driverless tractor Drug discovery Dynamic network analysis Dynamic programming E-mail spam ECML PKDD Echo state network Educational neuroscience Efficiently updatable neural network Electric motor Electrochemical RAM ElevenLabs Embedded system Emergence Empirical risk minimization Energy-shaping control Ensemble learning Enteric nervous system Entropy Environmental impact of artificial intelligence Epileptology Estimation theory Ethics of artificial intelligence Eureka Prometheus Project European Land-Robot Trial Evolution Evolutionary algorithm Evolutionary computation Evolutionary developmental biology Evolutionary game theory Evolutionary methods Evolutionary neuroscience Evolutionary robotics Evolvability Ex-ante Expectation–maximization algorithm Explainable artificial intelligence Extreme learning machine Eye tracking Facial recognition system Factor analysis False positive Family of curves Feature (computer vision)Feature engineering Feature learning Feedback Feedforward neural network Fei-Fei Li Field-programmable gate array Financial risk management Fitness approximation Flux (text-to-image model)Fourier transform Fractional-order control Frank Rosenblatt François Chollet Freightliner Inspiration Frequency response Function approximation Fuzzy clustering Fuzzy control Fuzzy logic GPT-4 GPT Image GPU Game Game theory Gated recurrent unit Gating mechanism Gauss Gemini (chatbot)Gemini (language model)Gemma (language model)Gene expression programming General-purpose computing on graphics processing units (software)General Motors EN-V General game playing Generative AI Generative adversarial network Generative engine optimization Generative model Generative pre-trained transformer Genetic algorithm Genetic algorithms Genetic programming Genie (world model)Geoffrey Hinton Geometric topology Geomorphology George Cybenko Geoscience Gerald Friedland Gesture recognition GloVe Global neurosurgery Glossary of artificial intelligence Glossary of graph theory terms Go (game)Goal-oriented Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Gradient Gradient descent Grammar induction Graph (discrete mathematics)Graph neural network Graph theory Graphical model Graphics processing unit Grok (chatbot)Group method of data handling H-infinity loop-shaping Hallucination (artificial intelligence)Handwriting recognition Hankel singular value Harold Goddijn Hebbian learning Hebbian theory Helmholtz machine Henry J. Kelley Herbert A. Simon Herbert Robbins Herd mentality Hidden Markov model Hidden layer Hierarchical clustering Highway network History of artificial intelligence History of artificial neural networks History of neuroscience History of self-driving cars Holographic associative memory Homeostasis Honda Legend Hopfield network Huawei PanGu Human-in-the-loop Human image synthesis Humanity's Last Exam Hybrid computer Hybrid neural network Hydrology Hypercomputation Hyperdimensional computing Hyperparameter (machine learning)Hypothesis IBM Granite IBM Watson IBM Watsonx IEEE IEEE 802.11p IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society Ian Goodfellow Ideogram (text-to-image model)Ill-defined Ilya Sutskever ImageNet competition Image analysis Imagen (text-to-image model)Imaging genetics Imitation learning Impact of self-driving cars In situ adaptive tabulation Inceptionv3 Independent component analysis Industrial control systems Information theory Instant Integrative neuroscience Intelligent agent Intelligent control Intelligent speed adaptation Intelligent transportation system International Conference on Learning Representations International Conference on Machine Learning International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence Internet of things Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring Irrational number Ising model Isolation forest J. Chem. Phys.Jacobi method James Goodnight Jan Leike Jeff Dean (computer scientist)John Hopfield John McCarthy (computer scientist)John Schulman John von Neumann Joseph Weizenbaum Journal of Machine Learning Research Juergen Schmidhuber Jukedeck Jürgen Schmidhuber K-means clustering K-nearest neighbors algorithm Kalman filter Keras Kernel machines Kling AI Knowledge discovery in databases Knowledge distillation Knowledge representation Kolmogorov-Gabor polynomials Krener's theorem Kunihiko Fukushima LIDAR LUTZ Pathfinder LaMDA Labeled data Lane departure warning system Language model Laplace transform Large language model Large width limits of neural networks Laser Latent diffusion model Law enforcement Layer (deep learning)LeNet Lead-lag compensator Learning curve (machine learning)Learning rate Learning to rank Least squares Lethal autonomous weapon Linear discriminant analysis Linear model Linear regression List of artificial intelligence companies List of artificial intelligence projects List of datasets for machine-learning research List of datasets in computer vision and image processing List of machine learning concepts List of self-driving system suppliers Llama (language model)Local outlier factor Logistic function Logistic regression Long short-term memory Loss function Loss functions for classification Lotfi A. Zadeh Luca Maria Gambardella Lyapunov stability MIT Lincoln Laboratory Machine Learning (journal)Machine learning Machine translation MadeInGermany Mamba (deep learning architecture)Markov chain Markov decision process Marvin Minsky Mathematical optimization Mathematics Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems Mathematics of artificial neural networks Max pooling Maxima and minima Mean-squared error Mean shift Mean squared error Measure theory Mechanistic interpretability Mechatronics Medical diagnosis Medical imaging Medicine Memristor Memtransistor Meta-learning (computer science)Method of least squares Midjourney Mind uploading MiniMax (company)Minor loop feedback Mobile computing Mobility as a service (transport)Model Context Protocol Model predictive control Molecular cellular cognition Molecular neuroscience Motion control Motor control MuZero Multi-agent reinforcement learning Multilayer perceptron Multilayer perceptrons Multimodal learning Multistability Multivariable control Music and artificial intelligence Mustafa Suleyman Mutual information Naive Bayes classifier Nathaniel Rochester (computer scientist)National Science Foundation Natural language processing Natural resource management Navia (vehicle)Navlab Negative feedback Neocognitron Network motif Network science Neural Neural Turing machine Neural architecture search Neural basis of self Neural circuit Neural decoding Neural engineering Neural field Neural gas Neural machine translation Neural network (disambiguation)Neural network software Neural oscillation Neural radiance field Neuro-oncology Neuro-ophthalmology Neuro-symbolic AI Neuroanatomy Neuroanthropology Neurobiology Neurobranding Neurocardiology Neurochemistry Neurochip Neurocinema Neurocriminology Neurodegenerative disease Neurodevelopmental disorder Neurodiversity Neuroeconomics Neuroendocrinology Neuroepidemiology Neuroepistemology Neuroesthetics Neuroethics Neuroethology Neuroevolution Neurogenesis Neurogenetics Neurohistory Neuroimaging Neuroimmune system Neuroimmunology Neuroinformatics Neurointensive care Neurolaw Neuroleadership Neurolinguistics Neuroliteracy Neurology Neuromanagement Neuromania Neuromarketing Neurometrics Neuromodulation Neuromorphic engineering Neuromorphology Neuromyth Neuron Neuropathology Neuropharmacology Neurophenomenology Neurophilosophy Neurophysics Neurophysiology Neuroplasticity Neuropolitics Neuroprosthetics Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychology Neuroradiology Neurorehabilitation Neurorobotics Neuroscience Neuroscience of music Neuroscience of religion Neurosexism Neurosurgery Neurotechnology Neurotology Neurotoxin Neurovirology Noam Shazeer Non-negative matrix factorization Non-parametric methods Non-player character Nonlinear control Nonlinear system Nonlinear system identification Normal distribution Normalization (machine learning)Novelty detection NuTonomy Numerical control Nutritional neuroscience Nvidia OPTICS algorithm Oasis (Minecraft clone)Observability Occam learning Office of Naval Research Oliver Selfridge Online machine learning Ontology learning OpenAI Five Open quantum system Operationalization Optical character recognition Optical computing Optical neural network Optimal control Optimization (mathematics)Ordinary differential equations Oriol Vinyals Oscillation Outline of machine learning Outline of neuroscience Overfitting PaLM Paleoneurobiology Parallel distributed processing Parameter ParkShuttle Partial differential equation Partial differential equations Particle swarm optimization Pattern formation Pattern recognition Paul Werbos Paywall Perceptron Perceptrons (book)Perceptual control theory Percolation theory Performance Personalized medicine Peter Dayan Phase space Phase transition Philosophy of artificial intelligence Physical Review Letters Physical neural network Physics-informed neural networks Policy gradient method Population dynamics Positive feedback Posterior probability Precautionary principle Predictive analytics Predictive modeling Principal component analysis Prisoner's dilemma Probability distribution Probably approximately correct learning Process control Programmable logic controller Project Debater Prompt engineering Proper generalized decomposition Proportional–integral–derivative controller Prosthesis Protein structure prediction Psychiatry Python (programming language)Q-learning Quantitative investing Quantization (signal processing)Quantum chemistry Quantum machine learning Quantum neural network Quasi-Newton method Quickprop Quoc V. Le Qwen RFpro Radar Radford M. Neal Radial basis function network Radio-frequency identification Random-access memory Random forest Random sample consensus Rational choice theory Rational number Reaction-diffusion systems Real-time Control System Real-time computing Real-time control Real number Reasoning model Receiver operating characteristic Recraft Rectifier (neural networks)Recurrent neural network Recursive self-improvement Reflection (artificial intelligence)Regression analysis Regularization (mathematics)Regulation of artificial intelligence Regulation of artificial intelligence in the United States Regulation of self-driving cars Reinforcement learning Reinforcement learning from human feedback Relevance vector machine Reservoir computing Residual neural network Restricted Boltzmann machine Retrieval-augmented generation Rich Sutton Richard Lazarus Richard Zemel Riffusion Robert Zajonc Robot control Robotics Robust control Robustness Robustness (computer science)Root locus analysis Rule-based machine learning Runway (company)SCADA Saddle point Sample (statistics)Santiago Ramón y Cajal Scalability Scientific American Scikit-learn Sea urchin Seedance 2.0 Self-driving car Self-driving car liability Self-driving truck Self-organization Self-organized criticality Self-organizing map Self-play (reinforcement learning technique)Self-reference Self-replication Self-supervised learning Semantic analysis (machine learning)Semi-supervised learning Sensemaking Sensory neuroscience Sentiment analysis Sepp Hochreiter Seppo Linnainmaa Seq2seq Sequence alignment Servomechanism Seymour Papert Shun'ichi Amari Sigmoid function Signal-flow graph Simulated annealing Small-world networks Smart, connected products Social cognitive neuroscience Social dynamics Social network analysis Social neuroscience Softmax activation function Softmax function Sora (text-to-video model)Soviet Union Sparse dictionary learning Spatial ecology Speech recognition Speech synthesis Spiking neural network Spin glass Spirit of Berlin Stability theory Stable Diffusion Starfish State observer State space representation State–action–reward–state–action Stationary process Statistic Statistical classification Statistical distributions Statistical estimation Statistical learning theory Statistical mechanics Statistical process control Statistics Steady state Stephen Grossberg Stephen Stigler Stochastic control Stochastic gradient descent Stochastic parrot Stochastic process Structured prediction StyleGAN Suno (platform)Supervised learning Support vector machine Swarm behaviour Symbolic artificial intelligence Synapse Synchronization Synthetic data System dynamics System identification Systems biology Systems neuroscience Systems theory T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding T5 (language model)Takeo Kanade Taylor expansion Temporal difference learning TensorFlow Tensor Processing Unit Tensor product network Terry Sejnowski Tesla Model S Text-to-image model Text-to-video model The Wall Street Journal Thomas M. Cover Time delay neural network Time series Time series analysis Timeline of artificial intelligence Topological deep learning Topology Training, validation, and test data sets Transfer function Transfer learning Transformer (deep learning)Transformer (deep learning architecture)Transformer (machine learning model)Types of artificial neural networks U-Net UTM theorem Ubiquitous computing Udio Uncanny valley Universal Turing machine Universal approximation theorem Unsupervised learning VC dimension VaMP Vanishing gradient problem Vapnik–Chervonenkis theory Variational autoencoder Vector control (motor)Vehicle routing Vehicular ad hoc network Veo (text-to-video model)Vertex (graph theory)Vibe coding Virtual politician VisLab Intercontinental Autonomous Challenge Vision transformer Von Neumann architecture Von Neumann model Wake-sleep algorithm Walter Pitts Warner Bros.Warren McCulloch Warren Sturgis McCulloch WaveNet Waymo Waymo Ojai Weak artificial intelligence Weight function Weight initialization Weighted graph Wesley A. Clark Whisper (speech recognition system)Word2vec Word embedding Workplace impact of artificial intelligence World model (artificial intelligence)Xiaomi MiMo Yann LeCun Yoshua Bengio YouTube Z-transform Zero-sum game

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